Bond J A
Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Crit Rev Toxicol. 1989;19(3):227-49. doi: 10.3109/10408448909037472.
Styrene is used in the production of plastics and resins, which include polystyrene resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins, styrene-acrylonitrile resins, styrene-butadiene copolymer resins, styrene-butadiene rubber, and unsaturated polyester resins. In 1985, styrene ranked in the top ten of synthetic organic chemicals produced in the U.S. This review focuses on various aspects of styrene toxicology including acute and chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, pharmacokinetics, effects on hepatic and extrahepatic xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, pharmacokinetic modeling, and covalent interactions with macromolecules. There appear to be many similarities between the toxicity and metabolism of styrene in rodents and humans. Needed areas of future research on styrene include studies on the molecular dosimetry of styrene in terms of both hemoglobin and DNA adducts. The results of such research should improve our ability to assess the relationship between exposure to styrene and surrogate measures of "effective dose", thereby improving our ability to estimate the effects of low-level human exposures.
苯乙烯用于生产塑料和树脂，其中包括聚苯乙烯树脂、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯树脂、苯乙烯-丙烯腈树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物树脂、丁苯橡胶和不饱和聚酯树脂。1985年，苯乙烯在美国生产的合成有机化学品中排名前十。本综述聚焦于苯乙烯毒理学的各个方面，包括急性和慢性毒性、致癌性、遗传毒性、药代动力学、对肝脏和肝外异生物质代谢酶的影响、药代动力学建模以及与大分子的共价相互作用。苯乙烯在啮齿动物和人类中的毒性和代谢似乎有许多相似之处。未来对苯乙烯的研究需要关注的领域包括从血红蛋白和DNA加合物方面对苯乙烯分子剂量学的研究。此类研究结果应能提高我们评估苯乙烯暴露与“有效剂量”替代指标之间关系的能力，从而提高我们估计低水平人体暴露影响的能力。
