Sheikh Farrukh, Amin Rashid, Rehan Khaliq Agha M, Al Otaibi Talal, Al Hashim Samia, Al Gazlan Sulaiman
Section of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh 3354, Saudi Arabia.
Medical and Critical Care Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh 3354, Saudi Arabia.
Asia Pac Allergy. 2015 Oct;5(4):216-21. doi: 10.5415/apallergy.2015.5.4.216. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that may cause death. The signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis have not been examined in the Saudi population before.
The present study examined the signs, symptoms, triggers, and demographic patterns of patients treated for anaphylaxis at a large tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
All the patients who were prescribed new prescriptions of adrenaline auto-injectors (AAs) between February 1, 2010 and December 31, 2011 were included in this study. Information was collected using a standardized form.
There were 238 patients who were analyzed. The median age at the time of first AA prescription was 15.5 years. Female to male ratio was 52:48 and 54% of the subjects were more than 18 years of age. There were some differences in the presenting signs and symptoms observed in our study compared with similar studies from around the world. Urticaria and angioedema were the most common at about 70% across all ages, followed by shortness of breath at 28%. Some triggers were found to be more common in our region. Food was the commonest trigger for anaphylaxis including tree nuts, egg, and sesame. Drug allergy was also a common trigger, with penicillins and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs being the commonest. Regarding insect allergy, samsam ant was the commonest trigger in our study.
To our knowledge, this is the first study on anaphylaxis in Saudi Arabia. Some of the manifestations of anaphylaxis are significantly different in our population study compared to previously published data from other parts of the world. While managing anaphylaxis, we should be mindful of these differences. This improved understanding should help reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with anaphylaxis in our region.
过敏反应是一种可能导致死亡的严重过敏反应。此前尚未对沙特人群的过敏反应体征和症状进行过研究。
本研究调查了沙特阿拉伯利雅得一家大型三级护理医院中接受过敏反应治疗的患者的体征、症状、诱发因素和人口统计学模式。
本研究纳入了2010年2月1日至2011年12月31日期间所有新开肾上腺素自动注射器（AA）处方的患者。使用标准化表格收集信息。
共分析了238例患者。首次开具AA处方时的中位年龄为15.5岁。女性与男性比例为52:48，54%的受试者年龄超过18岁。与世界各地的类似研究相比，我们的研究中观察到的呈现体征和症状存在一些差异。荨麻疹和血管性水肿在各年龄段中最为常见，约占70%，其次是呼吸急促，占28%。发现一些诱发因素在我们地区更为常见。食物是过敏反应最常见的诱发因素，包括坚果、鸡蛋和芝麻。药物过敏也是常见的诱发因素，青霉素和非甾体抗炎药最为常见。关于昆虫过敏，在我们的研究中，山蚁是最常见的诱发因素。
据我们所知，这是沙特阿拉伯关于过敏反应的第一项研究。与世界其他地区先前发表的数据相比，我们的人群研究中过敏反应的一些表现存在显著差异。在处理过敏反应时，我们应注意这些差异。这种更好的理解应有助于降低我们地区与过敏反应相关的发病率和死亡率。
