Mahmoud Alaa El Dine H
Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt.
J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2015 Sep;90(3):109-14. doi: 10.1097/01.EPX.0000471203.34165.bd.
A large proportion of the female population all over the world, particularly in developing countries, experience some form of gender-based violence (GBV) during their life. Early marriage, a form of GBV, is particularly highly prevalent in rural Upper Egypt.
The aim of the current study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of adolescents in Upper Egypt on domestic GBV, with a focus on early girls' marriage.
The study was a cross-sectional descriptive household survey targeting 400 randomly selected adolescent boys and girls aged 11-16 years from five villages of Minya Governorate in Upper Egypt.
The proportion of interviewed adolescents who could identify certain practices as forms of GBV was relatively low: the identified practices were mainly deprivation of work (9.0%), deprivation of inheritance (3.3%), arbitrary neglect and desertion (2.8%), and preventing from visiting relatives (0.5%). Abusive sexual behavior was not identified by any of the study participants as a form of domestic GBV. A total of 112 boys (56.0%) reported that they have been perpetrators in domestic GBV events at least once and 118 girls (59.0%) reported that they have been actual victims of domestic GBV. An overall 65.6% of study participants could correctly identify the legal age of marriage as 18 years, yet only 22.0% identified earlier ages of marriage as a form of domestic GBV. The vast majority of girls and boys reported that they would not agree to get married before the age of 18 years (91.0 and 87.0%, respectively).
Adolescents in Upper Egypt demonstrated a less than satisfactory knowledge about the forms of GBV. Although early girls' marriage was not universally recognized by adolescents as a form of domestic GBV, they demonstrated satisfactory knowledge about the legal age of marriage, as well as a tendency to abandon the practice. Establishing a community-based awareness program for adolescents of both sexes about GBV with a focus on early girls' marriage is highly recommended.
全世界很大一部分女性，尤其是发展中国家的女性，在其一生中会经历某种形式的性别暴力（GBV）。早婚作为性别暴力的一种形式，在埃及上埃及农村地区尤为普遍。
本研究旨在评估上埃及青少年对家庭性别暴力的知识、态度和行为（KAP），重点是女童早婚。
该研究是一项横断面描述性家庭调查，目标是从埃及上埃及明亚省五个村庄中随机抽取400名年龄在11至16岁之间的青少年男孩和女孩。
能够将某些行为识别为性别暴力形式的受访青少年比例相对较低：识别出的行为主要是剥夺工作权利（9.0%）、剥夺继承权（3.3%）、任意忽视和遗弃（2.8%）以及阻止探亲（0.5%）。没有一名研究参与者将性虐待行为识别为家庭性别暴力的一种形式。共有112名男孩（56.0%）报告称他们至少有一次是家庭性别暴力事件的施暴者，118名女孩（59.0%）报告称她们是家庭性别暴力的实际受害者。总体而言，65.6%的研究参与者能够正确识别法定结婚年龄为18岁，但只有22.0%的人将早婚识别为家庭性别暴力的一种形式。绝大多数女孩和男孩报告称他们不会同意在18岁之前结婚（分别为91.0%和87.0%）。
上埃及的青少年对性别暴力形式的了解不尽人意。尽管青少年并未普遍将女童早婚视为家庭性别暴力的一种形式，但他们对法定结婚年龄表现出了良好的认知，并且有摒弃早婚习俗的倾向。强烈建议为青少年男女建立一个以社区为基础的关于性别暴力的宣传项目，重点是女童早婚。
