El-Gazzar Amira F, Aziz Mirette M, Mohammed Heba M, Elgibaly Omaima, Darwish Manal M
Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Arab Republic of Egypt.
J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2020 Oct 13;95(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s42506-020-00057-8.
In Egypt, many girls are still married before the age of 18, which is a fundamental violation of the girls' human rights. Early marriage is associated with an alarmingly elevated risk of all types of intimate partner violence that have various negative consequences. The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of exposure to spousal violence among the early married girls in rural Upper Egypt.
A household survey was carried out and covered 23 villages in Assiut and Sohag governorates reaching to a sample of 729 married girls before the age of 20. Listing and enumeration of 4 districts was done to identify the study participants. Data was collected by personal interviews using a structured questionnaire. Bivariate and stepwise regression analyses were performed to identify the predictors of exposure to spousal violence.
It was found that 15.2% of the study participants were exposed to physical violence while 17.8% were exposed to sexual violence and 7.3% were exposed to both types. Girls married before the age of 18 were more exposed to spousal violence. Stepwise regression analysis found that girls' acceptance to get married was a protective factor against exposure to physical (β = - 1.07, OR 0.34) and sexual (β = - 0.68, OR 0.51) violence. The perceived attitude of husbands and mothers-in-law about considering wife beating "a husband's right" was found to be a risk factor of exposure to physical and sexual violence. Longer duration till the first pregnancy was also associated with more exposure to sexual violence (β = 0.04, OR 1.04).
Married adolescent girls (MAGs) are highly exposed to physical and sexual violence. This is mainly due to ignoring girls' preference to postpone their marriage, cultural concepts of accepting violence against women, and low sexual satisfaction. This study shows that most determinants of spousal violence were related to culture issues. Identifying these determinants is required to combat such a crucial public health problem that has serious consequences on adolescent health.
在埃及，许多女孩仍在18岁之前结婚，这严重侵犯了女孩的人权。早婚与各类亲密伴侣暴力风险惊人地升高相关，而这些暴力会带来各种负面后果。本研究的目的是确定埃及上埃及农村地区早婚女孩遭受配偶暴力的预测因素。
开展了一项家庭调查，覆盖了阿斯尤特省和索哈杰省的23个村庄，样本为729名20岁之前结婚的女孩。对4个区进行了列表和枚举以确定研究参与者。通过使用结构化问卷进行个人访谈收集数据。进行了双变量和逐步回归分析以确定遭受配偶暴力的预测因素。
发现15.2%的研究参与者遭受过身体暴力，17.8%遭受过性暴力，7.3%两者都遭受过。18岁之前结婚的女孩更容易遭受配偶暴力。逐步回归分析发现，女孩对结婚的接受度是防止遭受身体暴力（β = -1.07，OR 0.34）和性暴力（β = -0.68，OR 0.51）的保护因素。发现丈夫和婆婆认为殴打妻子是“丈夫的权利”的观念是遭受身体和性暴力的风险因素。首次怀孕的时间越长，遭受性暴力的可能性也越大（β = 0.04，OR 1.04）。
已婚少女极易遭受身体和性暴力。这主要是由于忽视女孩推迟结婚的意愿、接受针对妇女暴力的文化观念以及性满意度低。本研究表明，配偶暴力的大多数决定因素与文化问题有关。识别这些决定因素对于应对这一对青少年健康有严重后果的关键公共卫生问题至关重要。
