Masukume Gwinyai, Grech Victor
Gravida: National Centre for Growth & Development, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Academic Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta.
Early Hum Dev. 2015 Dec;91(12):807-9. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.10.006. Epub 2015 Nov 3.
In humans in the absence of significant stress the sex ratio at birth [males/(males+females)] is in favor of more male than female live births.
This study sought to determine the influence of the 2010 Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) World Cup in South Africa on the sex ratio at birth in that country specifically 9months afterwards. Publicly available data from Statistics South Africa was utilized detailing recorded live births. Analysis was carried out by Chi-squared tests.
February and March 2011 about 9months after the World Cup, had the highest observed sex ratio at birth (relatively more male births) of 0.5063 for the period 2003 to 2012. The observed sex ratio at birth in the considered two months of 2011 was 0.63% (p=0.02) greater than the sex ratio at birth for corresponding periods from 2008 to 2012. The increase noted in 2011 corresponds to more than 1000 extra male births than expected for February and March 2011.
The 2010 FIFA World Cup was followed about 9months afterwards by a significant increase in the sex ratio at birth. The main mechanism driving the observed increase in the sex ratio at birth in South Africa is most likely more frequent sexual intercourse at population level during the tournament.
在人类中，在没有重大压力的情况下，出生时的性别比[男性/（男性 + 女性）]有利于男性出生多于女性。
本研究旨在确定2010年国际足球联合会（FIFA）南非世界杯对该国出生性别比的影响，具体为9个月后。利用了南非统计局公开提供的数据，详细记录了活产情况。通过卡方检验进行分析。
2011年2月和3月，即世界杯后约9个月，在2003年至2012年期间观察到的出生性别比最高（男性出生相对较多），为0.5063。2011年这两个月观察到的出生性别比比2008年至2012年同期的出生性别比高0.63%（p = 0.02）。2011年记录的增长相当于2011年2月和3月比预期多1000多个男性出生。
2010年国际足联世界杯后约9个月，出生性别比显著上升。在南非观察到的出生性别比上升的主要驱动机制很可能是比赛期间人口层面更频繁的性交。
