Wehling Eike I, Lundervold Astri J, Nordin Steven, Wollschlaeger Daniel
Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, Kavli Centre for Aging and Dementia Research, Haraldsplass Hospital, Bergen, Norway, Department for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway,
Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, K. G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Chem Senses. 2016 Feb;41(2):155-61. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjv066. Epub 2015 Nov 6.
This longitudinal study investigated changes in olfaction as assessed by a set of tasks requiring different aspects of semantic information in normal aging individuals. Using 16 odorous items from a standardized olfactory test, the Scandinavian Odor Identification Test, 107 middle aged and older adults were assessed up to three times over a period of 6.5 years, requesting them to rate familiarity and edibility for each odorous item before identifying it with or without presenting verbal cues. Using linear mixed models, the longitudinal analyses revealed significant correlations between all olfactory measures. Furthermore, we found an almost parallel age-related decline in all olfactory tasks, although free identification performance indicated a trend toward faster decline with age. Women showed less decline compared with men, in particular for edibility judgments. The results corroborate earlier cross-sectional findings showing significant correlations between the olfactory tasks. In the present study of healthy middle-aged and older adults, we found a parallel longitudinal decline across different tests of olfaction.
这项纵向研究调查了正常衰老个体在一组需要不同语义信息方面的任务中嗅觉的变化。使用标准化嗅觉测试斯堪的纳维亚气味识别测试中的16种有气味物品，对107名中老年人在6.5年的时间里进行了多达三次的评估，要求他们在有或没有给出语言提示的情况下识别每个有气味物品之前，对其熟悉程度和可食用性进行评分。使用线性混合模型，纵向分析显示所有嗅觉测量之间存在显著相关性。此外，我们发现所有嗅觉任务中与年龄相关的下降几乎是平行的，尽管自由识别表现表明随着年龄增长下降趋势更快。与男性相比，女性的下降较少，尤其是在可食用性判断方面。这些结果证实了早期横断面研究的结果，即嗅觉任务之间存在显著相关性。在本项针对健康中老年人的研究中，我们发现在不同的嗅觉测试中纵向下降是平行的。
