Borrow Ray, Tang Yuxiao, Yakubu Ahmadu, Kulkarni Prasad S, LaForce F Marc
Vaccine Evaluation Unit, Public Health England, Manchester Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom.
Meningitis Vaccine Project, PATH, Seattle, Washington.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Nov 15;61 Suppl 5(Suppl 5):S570-7. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ512.
The group A meningococcal conjugate vaccine, PsA-TT, uses tetanus toxoid (TT) as a carrier protein (PsA-TT). TT as a carrier protein in other conjugate vaccines is known to be immunogenic and generates a robust anti-TT response.
Clinical studies in Africa assessed whether PsA-TT generated tetanus serologic responses when tested in African populations (toddlers to adults). Second, the high acceptance of PsA-TT mass immunization campaigns in the 1- to 29-year age group meant that a sizeable fraction of women of reproductive age received PsA-TT. Incidence data for neonatal tetanus were reviewed for countries with and without PsA-TT campaigns to check whether this had any impact on the incidence.
PsA-TT generated robust tetanus serologic responses in 1- to 29-year-olds, similar to those expected after a booster dose of TT. Neonatal cases of tetanus fell by 25% in countries that completed PsA-TT campaigns in 1- to 29-year-olds.
Although these data are not yet definitive, they are consistent with the hypothesis that improved community immunity to tetanus as a result of the PsA-TT campaigns may be having an impact on the incidence of neonatal tetanus in sub-Saharan Africa.
ISRCTN17662153 (PsA-TT 001); ISRTCN78147026 (PsA-TT 002); ISRCTN87739946 (PsA-TT 003); ISRCTN46335400 (PsA-TT 003a); ISRCTN82484612 (PsA-TT 004); CTRI/2009/091/000368 (PsA-TT 005); PACTR ATMR2010030001913177 (PsA-TT 006); and PACTR201110000328305 (PsA-TT 007).
A群脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗PsA-TT，使用破伤风类毒素（TT）作为载体蛋白（PsA-TT）。在其他结合疫苗中，TT作为载体蛋白具有免疫原性，并能产生强烈的抗TT反应。
在非洲进行的临床研究评估了PsA-TT在非洲人群（从幼儿到成人）中进行测试时是否能产生破伤风血清学反应。其次，PsA-TT在1至29岁年龄组的大规模免疫接种活动中得到了高度认可，这意味着相当一部分育龄妇女接种了PsA-TT。对开展和未开展PsA-TT接种活动的国家的新生儿破伤风发病率数据进行了审查，以检查这是否对发病率有任何影响。
PsA-TT在1至29岁人群中产生了强烈的破伤风血清学反应，与一剂破伤风类毒素加强免疫后的预期反应相似。在1至29岁人群中完成PsA-TT接种活动的国家，新生儿破伤风病例减少了25%。
尽管这些数据尚不确凿，但它们与以下假设一致，即PsA-TT接种活动提高了社区对破伤风的免疫力，这可能对撒哈拉以南非洲地区的新生儿破伤风发病率产生了影响。
ISRCTN17662153（PsA-TT 001）；ISRTCN78147026（PsA-TT 002）；ISRCTN87739946（PsA-TT 003）；ISRCTN46335400（PsA-TT 003a）；ISRCTN82484612（PsA-TT 004）；CTRI/2009/091/000368（PsA-TT 005）；PACTR ATMR2010030001913177（PsA-TT 006）；以及PACTR201110000328305（PsA-TT 007）。
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