Keshner E A, Cohen H
Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago.
Am J Occup Ther. 1989 May;43(5):320-30. doi: 10.5014/ajot.43.5.320.
This paper reviews the research findings that support the presence of vestibulospinal reflexes in corrections for head and body instability. Studies of the importance of labyrinthine inputs to the central nervous system organization of eye, head, and body movements demonstrate that the vestibular nuclei are more than a simple relay station for labyrinthine activity. At all levels of the vestibular system beyond the primary vestibular afferents, parallel processing of labyrinthine signals occurs with input from other sensory systems. Thus, output of the vestibular nuclear complex (VNC) is not equivalent to the labyrinthine input. It is the VNC output that influences motor behavior. Various sensory inputs are available to the nervous system to detect and correct postural instability. Most notably, vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive signals contribute significantly to the stabilizing responses in humans. The intent of this paper is to review experimental results rather than to discuss treatment interventions. Wherever possible, conclusions are drawn as to the clinical implications of current research findings.
本文回顾了支持在纠正头部和身体不稳定过程中存在前庭脊髓反射的研究结果。关于迷路输入对眼睛、头部和身体运动的中枢神经系统组织的重要性的研究表明，前庭核不仅仅是迷路活动的简单中继站。在前庭系统除初级前庭传入神经之外的所有层面，迷路信号与来自其他感觉系统的输入一起进行并行处理。因此，前庭神经核复合体（VNC）的输出并不等同于迷路输入。正是VNC的输出影响运动行为。神经系统可利用各种感觉输入来检测和纠正姿势不稳定。最值得注意的是，前庭、视觉和本体感觉信号对人类的稳定反应有显著贡献。本文的目的是回顾实验结果，而非讨论治疗干预措施。只要有可能，就会得出关于当前研究结果临床意义的结论。
