Barry Rebecca, James Matthew T
Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School for Medicine University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., Canada.
Nephron. 2015;131(4):221-6. doi: 10.1159/000441425. Epub 2015 Nov 11.
Recent efforts have standardized definitions and classification systems for acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). These efforts have enhanced communication, recognition, and awareness of acute and CKDs and stimulated research on both disorders. However, abnormalities of kidney function and structure can occur that do not meet the current criteria for either disorder. Recognizing the need for a uniform approach encompassing both acute and chronic abnormalities of kidney function and structure, the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for AKI Guidelines proposed an operational definition for acute kidney diseases and disorders (AKD) that encompasses both AKI and any newly recognized kidney disease that does not meet the current definitions for AKI or CKD. Recent commentaries have highlighted that it may be premature to adopt these criteria into clinical practice, but that they may be useful for application in epidemiologic studies. Future research is needed to better understand the clinical characteristics, incidence, and prognosis of AKD, as well as the implications of case identification based on the AKD criteria.
近期的努力已经使急性肾损伤（AKI）和慢性肾脏病（CKD）的定义及分类系统标准化。这些努力加强了对急性肾损伤和慢性肾脏病的沟通、识别与认知，并推动了对这两种病症的研究。然而，可能会出现不符合当前任何一种病症标准的肾功能和结构异常情况。认识到需要一种统一的方法来涵盖肾功能和结构的急性及慢性异常情况，改善全球肾脏病预后组织（KDIGO）2012年急性肾损伤临床实践指南提出了急性肾疾病和病症（AKD）的操作性定义，该定义涵盖了急性肾损伤以及任何新发现的不符合当前急性肾损伤或慢性肾脏病定义的肾脏疾病。近期的评论强调，将这些标准应用于临床实践可能为时过早，但它们可能有助于在流行病学研究中应用。需要开展进一步的研究，以更好地了解急性肾疾病的临床特征、发病率和预后，以及基于急性肾疾病标准进行病例识别的意义。
