接受美沙酮治疗的阿片类药物使用者在物质使用、健康和社会功能方面的性别差异：一项多中心队列研究。
Sex differences in substance use, health, and social functioning among opioid users receiving methadone treatment: a multicenter cohort study.
作者信息
Bawor Monica, Dennis Brittany B, Varenbut Michael, Daiter Jeff, Marsh David C, Plater Carolyn, Worster Andrew, Steiner Meir, Anglin Rebecca, Pare Guillaume, Desai Dipika, Thabane Lehana, Samaan Zainab
机构信息
MiNDS Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada ; St. George's, University of London, London, UK ; Population Genomics Program, Chanchlani Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada ; Peter Boris Centre for Addiction Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario Canada.
St. George's, University of London, London, UK ; Population Genomics Program, Chanchlani Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada ; Peter Boris Centre for Addiction Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario Canada ; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada.
出版信息
Biol Sex Differ. 2015 Nov 10;6:21. doi: 10.1186/s13293-015-0038-6. eCollection 2015.
BACKGROUND
Despite the growing numbers of men and women with opioid use disorder in Canada, sex-specific issues in treatment have not been re-examined in the current population of patients with opioid addiction. We aimed to evaluate sex differences in substance use, health, and social functioning among men and women currently receiving methadone treatment for opioid use disorder in Ontario, Canada.
METHODS
We recruited 503 participants with opioid dependence disorder receiving methadone maintenance treatment. We collected data on demographics, treatment characteristics, psychiatric history, addiction severity, and drug use patterns through urinalysis. We performed adjusted univariate analyses and logistic regression to identify distinct factors affecting men and women.
RESULTS
Among our sample of 54 % (n = 266) men and 46 % women (n = 226) with mean age 38.3 years, less than half of participants were employed (35.6 %) and married (31.8 %) and had completed a high school education (27.9 %). Compared to men, women had frequent physical and psychological health problems, family history of psychiatric illness, and childcare responsibilities and began using opioids through a physician prescription. Men had higher rates of employment, cigarette smoking, and cannabis use compared to women.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results have revealed different patterns of substance use, health, and social functioning among men and women currently receiving methadone treatment for opioid addiction in Ontario, Canada. This information can be used to develop an integrative treatment regimen that caters to the individual needs of men and women, as well as to inform methadone treatment protocols to include specialized services (including vocational counseling, childcare and parenting assistance, medical assistance, relationship or domestic violence counseling, etc.) and increase their availability and accessibility on a larger scale.
背景
尽管加拿大患有阿片类药物使用障碍的男性和女性人数不断增加，但在当前阿片类药物成瘾患者群体中，治疗方面的性别特异性问题尚未得到重新审视。我们旨在评估加拿大安大略省目前接受美沙酮治疗阿片类药物使用障碍的男性和女性在物质使用、健康和社会功能方面的性别差异。
方法
我们招募了503名接受美沙酮维持治疗的阿片类药物依赖障碍患者。我们通过尿液分析收集了有关人口统计学、治疗特征、精神病史、成瘾严重程度和药物使用模式的数据。我们进行了调整后的单因素分析和逻辑回归，以确定影响男性和女性的不同因素。
结果
在我们的样本中，男性占54%（n = 266），女性占46%（n = 226），平均年龄为38.3岁，不到一半的参与者有工作（35.6%）、已婚（31.8%）且完成了高中学业（27.9%）。与男性相比，女性有更多的身心健康问题、精神疾病家族史和育儿责任，并且通过医生处方开始使用阿片类药物。与女性相比，男性的就业率、吸烟率和大麻使用率更高。
结论
我们的研究结果揭示了加拿大安大略省目前接受美沙酮治疗阿片类药物成瘾的男性和女性在物质使用、健康和社会功能方面的不同模式。这些信息可用于制定综合治疗方案，以满足男性和女性的个体需求，并为美沙酮治疗方案提供参考，使其纳入专门服务（包括职业咨询、育儿和养育子女援助、医疗援助、关系或家庭暴力咨询等），并在更大范围内提高其可获得性和可及性。
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