Singleton Helen, Popple Amy, Gellatly Nichola, Maxwell Gavin, Williams Jason, Friedmann Peter S, Kimber Ian, Dearman Rebecca J
Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Bedford, MK44 1LQ, UK.
Contact Dermatitis. 2016 Apr;74(4):197-204. doi: 10.1111/cod.12486. Epub 2015 Nov 11.
Whereas T lymphocyte (T cell) activation is the key event in the acquisition of skin sensitization and subsequent elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis, the humoral component of immune responses to organic contact allergens has received little consideration. There is evidence that, in experimental animals, topical exposure to potent contact allergens is associated with B cell activation and proliferation, and hapten-specific antibody production. However, there is very limited evidence available for anti-hapten antibody responses being induced following topical exposure of humans to contact allergens. Nevertheless, it is important to appreciate that there are almost no negative studies in which evidence for antibody production as the result of skin sensitization has been sought and not found. That is, there is absence of evidence rather than evidence of absence. Furthermore, exposure to chemical respiratory allergens, in which the skin has been implicated as a potential route of sensitization, results in anti-hapten antibody responses. It is proposed that skin sensitization to contact allergens will normally be accompanied by antibody production. The phenomenon is worthy of investigation, as anti-hapten antibodies could potentially influence and/or regulate the induction of skin sensitization. Moreover, such antibodies may provide an informative correlate of the extent to which sensitization has been acquired.
虽然T淋巴细胞（T细胞）活化是获得皮肤致敏以及随后引发过敏性接触性皮炎的关键事件，但针对有机接触性变应原的免疫反应中的体液成分却很少受到关注。有证据表明，在实验动物中，局部暴露于强效接触性变应原与B细胞活化、增殖以及半抗原特异性抗体产生有关。然而，关于人类局部暴露于接触性变应原后诱导产生抗半抗原抗体反应的证据非常有限。尽管如此，重要的是要认识到，几乎没有否定性研究，即在这些研究中寻找皮肤致敏导致抗体产生的证据但未找到。也就是说，是缺乏证据而非有证据证明不存在。此外，暴露于化学性呼吸道变应原（皮肤被认为是潜在的致敏途径）会导致抗半抗原抗体反应。有人提出，对接触性变应原的皮肤致敏通常会伴随着抗体产生。这种现象值得研究，因为抗半抗原抗体可能会潜在地影响和/或调节皮肤致敏的诱导。此外，此类抗体可能为已获得致敏的程度提供一个有参考价值的关联指标。
