Ennouri Rym, Zaaboub Noureddine, Fertouna-Bellakhal Mouna, Chouba Lassad, Aleya Lotfi
Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS 6249, Besançon, France.
Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), Laboratoire Milieu Marin, Centre la Goulette, Tunisie.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Mar;23(6):5322-34. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-5775-x. Epub 2015 Nov 13.
Tunis Gulf (northern Tunisia, Mediterranean Sea) is of great economic importance due to its abundant fish resources. Rising urbanization and industrial development in the surrounding area have resulted in an increase in untreated effluents and domestic waste discharged into the gulf via its tributary streams. Metal (Cd, Pb, Hg, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn) and major element (Mg, Ca, Na, and K) concentrations were measured in the grain fine fraction <63 μm by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results showed varying spatial distribution patterns for metals, indicating complex origins and controlling factors such as anthropogenic activities. Sediment metal concentrations are ranked as follows: Fe > Mg > Zn > Mn > Pb > Cu > Cd > Hg. Metals tend to be concentrated in proximity to source points, suggesting that the mineral enrichment elements come from sewage of coastal towns and pollution from industrial dumps and located along local rivers, lagoons, and on the gulf shore itself. This study showed that trace metal and major element concentrations in surface sediments along the Tunis Gulf shores were lower than those found in other coastal areas of the Mediterranean Sea.
突尼斯湾（突尼斯北部，地中海）因其丰富的鱼类资源而具有重要的经济意义。周边地区城市化进程加快和工业发展，导致未经处理的污水和生活垃圾通过支流排入海湾。采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了粒径小于63μm的颗粒细粒级中的金属（镉、铅、汞、铜、锌、铁和锰）和主要元素（镁、钙、钠和钾）浓度。结果表明，金属具有不同的空间分布模式，表明其来源复杂且受人为活动等控制因素影响。沉积物中金属浓度排序如下：铁＞镁＞锌＞锰＞铅＞铜＞镉＞汞。金属往往集中在源点附近，这表明矿物富集元素来自沿海城镇的污水以及工业垃圾场的污染，这些污染源位于当地河流、泻湖以及海湾沿岸本身。本研究表明，突尼斯湾沿岸表层沉积物中的痕量金属和主要元素浓度低于地中海其他沿海地区。
