Slaatten Hilde, Anderssen Norman, Hetland Jørn
Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Scand J Psychol. 2015 Dec;56(6):708-16. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12256.
Being called names such as "gay," "faggot," "lezzie" may be experienced as both harmful or harmless by adolescents, depending on the situation in which the name-calling occurs. The aim of this study was to explore how being called gay-related names by agents with whom the relationship is differentiated by friendship, acquaintance status and perceived likeability is associated with depressive symptoms, and to explore associations between gay-related name-calling, bullying and depressive symptoms. The participants were 921 ninth grade pupils (450 boys) with an age range from 14 to 15 years from 15 schools. The study reveals that the participants' depressive symptoms were more associated with being called gay-related names by someone who did not like them or someone they did not know, than with being called gay-related names by a friend. Being called gay-related names was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms, even when controlling for bullying. Boys who were bullied and called gay-related names had even higher levels of depressive symptoms, as indicated by an interaction effect found between being called gay-related names and bullying. Because of the potential harmfulness of gay-related name-calling, anti-bullying programmes should address this topic as a part of their regular anti-bullying strategy.
被人叫做“同性恋”“娘娘腔”“女同性恋”等称呼，青少年对此的感受可能因称呼发生的情境而异，既可能觉得有害，也可能觉得无害。本研究的目的是探讨被与自己关系因友谊、相识程度和感知到的喜爱程度而有所不同的人叫做与同性恋相关的称呼，与抑郁症状之间有怎样的关联，以及探讨与同性恋相关的称呼、欺凌和抑郁症状之间的关联。研究对象是来自15所学校的921名九年级学生（450名男生），年龄在14至15岁之间。研究表明，相较于被朋友叫做与同性恋相关的称呼，参与者的抑郁症状与被不喜欢他们的人或他们不认识的人叫做与同性恋相关的称呼的关联更大。即使在控制了欺凌因素后，被叫做与同性恋相关的称呼仍与更高水平的抑郁症状相关。被叫做与同性恋相关的称呼且遭受欺凌的男孩，其抑郁症状水平更高，这一点在被叫做与同性恋相关的称呼和欺凌之间的交互效应中得到了体现。由于与同性恋相关的称呼可能具有潜在危害性，反欺凌项目应将此话题作为其常规反欺凌策略的一部分加以应对。
