Ning Na, Yuan Xiangyang, Dong Shuqi, Wen Yinyuan, Gao Zhenpan, Guo Meijun, Guo Pingyi
Laboratory of Crop Chemical Regulation and Chemical Weed Control, College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, the People's Republic of China.
PLoS One. 2015 Nov 13;10(11):e0142557. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142557. eCollection 2015.
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is cultivated around the world for human and animal consumption. There is no suitable herbicide available for weed control in foxtail millet fields during the post-emergence stage. In this study, we investigated the effect and safety of the post-emergence herbicide tribenuron-methyl (TBM) on foxtail millet in terms of grain yield and quality using a split-plot field design. Field experiments were conducted using two varieties in 2013 and 2014, i.e., high-yielding hybrid Zhangzagu 10 and high-quality conventional Jingu 21. TBM treatments at 11.25 to 90 g ai ha(-1) reduced root and shoot biomass and grain yield to varying degrees. In each of the two years, grain yield declined by 50.2% in Zhangzagu 10 with a herbicide dosage of 45 g ai ha(-1) and by 45.2% in Jingu 21 with a herbicide dosage of 22.5 g ai ha(-1) (recommended dosage). Yield reduction was due to lower grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, panicle length, and panicle diameter. Grain yield was positively correlated with grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight, but not with panicles ha(-1). With respect to grain protein content at 22.5 g ai ha(-1,) Zhangzagu 10 was similar to the control, whereas Jingu 21 was markedly lower. An increase in TBM dosage led to a decrease in grain Mn, Cu, Fe, and Zn concentrations. In conclusion, the recommended dosage of TBM was relatively safe for Zhangzagu 10, but not for Jingu 21. Additionally, the hybrid variety Zhangzagu 10 had a greater tolerance to TBM than the conventional variety Jingu 21.
谷子（Setaria italica L.）在世界各地都有种植，供人类和动物食用。谷子出苗后阶段没有适合用于防除杂草的除草剂。在本研究中，我们采用裂区田间设计，从谷物产量和品质方面研究了出苗后除草剂苯磺隆（TBM）对谷子的影响及安全性。2013年和2014年使用两个品种进行了田间试验，即高产杂交种张杂谷10号和优质常规品种晋谷21号。11.25至90 g ai ha(-1)的TBM处理不同程度地降低了根和地上部生物量以及谷物产量。在这两年中，张杂谷10号在除草剂用量为45 g ai ha(-1)时谷物产量下降了50.2%，晋谷21号在除草剂用量为22.5 g ai ha(-1)（推荐用量）时谷物产量下降了45.2%。产量降低是由于每穗粒数、千粒重、穗长和穗直径降低。谷物产量与每穗粒数和千粒重呈正相关，但与每公顷穗数无关。在22.5 g ai ha(-1)时，张杂谷10号的谷物蛋白质含量与对照相似，而晋谷21号则明显较低。TBM用量增加导致谷物中锰、铜、铁和锌浓度降低。总之,TBM的推荐用量对张杂谷10号相对安全，但对晋谷21号不安全。此外，杂交品种张杂谷10号对TBM的耐受性比常规品种晋谷21号更强。
