Ren Weichao, Zhao Hu, Shao Wenyong, Ma Weiwei, Wang Jianxin, Zhou Mingguo, Chen Changjun
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Pest Manag Sci. 2016 Aug;72(8):1558-65. doi: 10.1002/ps.4186. Epub 2015 Dec 29.
Fusarium asiaticum, a dominant pathogen of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in East Asia, causes huge economic losses. Phenamacril, a novel cyanoacrylate fungicide, has been increasingly applied to control FHB in China, especially where resistance of F. asiaticum against carbendazim is severe. It is important to clarify the resistance-related mechanisms of F. asiaticum to phenamacril so as to avoid control failures, and to sustain the usefulness of the new product.
A novel phenamacril-resistance-related gene Famfs1 was obtained by employing the cDNA random amplified polymorphic DNA (cDNA-RAPD) technique, and was validated by genetic and biochemical assays. Compared with the corresponding progenitors, deletion of Famfs1 in phenamacril-sensitive or highly phenamacril-resistant strains caused a significant decrease in effective concentrations inhibiting radial growth by 50% (EC50 value). Additionally, the biological fitness parameters (including mycelial growth under different stresses, conidiation, perithecium formation and virulence) of the deletion mutants attenuated significantly.
Famfs1 not only was involved in the resistance of F. asiaticum to phenamacril but also played an important role in adaptation of F. asiaticum to the environment. Moreover, our data suggest that the cDNA-RAPD method can be a candidate technique to clone resistance-related genes in fungi. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
亚洲镰孢菌是东亚小麦赤霉病的主要病原菌，会造成巨大的经济损失。苯酰菌胺是一种新型氰基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂，在中国已越来越多地用于防治小麦赤霉病，尤其是在亚洲镰孢菌对多菌灵抗性严重的地区。阐明亚洲镰孢菌对苯酰菌胺的抗性相关机制对于避免防治失败以及维持该新产品的有效性至关重要。
通过采用cDNA随机扩增多态性DNA（cDNA-RAPD）技术获得了一个与苯酰菌胺抗性相关的新基因Famfs1，并通过遗传和生化分析进行了验证。与相应的亲本相比，在苯酰菌胺敏感或高抗苯酰菌胺的菌株中缺失Famfs1会导致抑制径向生长50%的有效浓度（EC50值）显著降低。此外，缺失突变体的生物学适应性参数（包括在不同胁迫下的菌丝生长、产孢、子囊壳形成和毒力）显著减弱。
Famfs1不仅参与亚洲镰孢菌对苯酰菌胺的抗性，还在亚洲镰孢菌适应环境中发挥重要作用。此外，我们的数据表明cDNA-RAPD方法可以成为克隆真菌抗性相关基因的一种候选技术。© 2015化学工业协会。
