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ENSO Modoki及其他热带印度洋-太平洋气候驱动因素对非洲降雨的影响。

Impacts of the ENSO Modoki and other Tropical Indo-Pacific Climate-Drivers on African Rainfall.

作者信息

Preethi B, Sabin T P, Adedoyin J A, Ashok K

机构信息

Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune 411008, India.

Physics Department, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2015 Nov 16;5:16653. doi: 10.1038/srep16653.

DOI:10.1038/srep16653
PMID:26567458
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4645176/
Abstract

The study diagnoses the relative impacts of the four known tropical Indo-Pacific drivers, namely, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), ENSO Modoki, Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and Indian Ocean Basin-wide mode (IOBM) on African seasonal rainfall variability. The canonical El Niño and El Niño Modoki are in general associated with anomalous reduction (enhancement) of rainfall in southern (northern) hemispheric regions during March-May season. However, both the El Niño flavours anomalously reduce the northern hemispheric rainfall during June-September. Interestingly, during boreal spring and summer, in many regions, the Indian Ocean drivers have influences opposite to those from tropical Pacific drivers. On the other hand, during the October-December season, the canonical El Niño and/or positive IOD are associated with an anomalous enhancement of rainfall in the Eastern Africa, while the El Niño Modoki events are associated with an opposite impact. In addition to the Walker circulation changes, the Indo-Pacific drivers influence the African rainfall through modulating jet streams. During boreal summer, the El Niño Modoki and canonical El Niño (positive IOD) tend to weaken (strengthen) the tropical easterly jet, and result in strengthening (weakening) and southward shift of African easterly jet. This anomalously reduces (enhances) rainfall in the tropical north, including Sahelian Africa.

摘要

该研究诊断了四种已知的热带印度洋 - 太平洋驱动因素,即厄尔尼诺 - 南方涛动(ENSO)、厄尔尼诺模态(ENSO Modoki)、印度洋偶极子(IOD)和印度洋全海盆模态(IOBM)对非洲季节性降雨变化的相对影响。典型的厄尔尼诺和厄尔尼诺模态通常与3 - 5月期间南半球(北半球)地区降雨异常减少(增强)有关。然而,在6 - 9月期间,这两种厄尔尼诺现象都会使北半球降雨异常减少。有趣的是,在北半球的春季和夏季,在许多地区,印度洋驱动因素的影响与热带太平洋驱动因素的影响相反。另一方面,在10 - 12月期间,典型的厄尔尼诺和/或正IOD与东非降雨异常增强有关,而厄尔尼诺模态事件则产生相反的影响。除了沃克环流变化外,印度洋 - 太平洋驱动因素还通过调节急流影响非洲降雨。在北半球夏季,厄尔尼诺模态和典型的厄尔尼诺(正IOD)往往会减弱(增强)热带东风急流,并导致非洲东风急流增强(减弱)并向南移动。这异常减少(增强)了热带北部包括萨赫勒地区的降雨。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/8c6e242555e2/srep16653-f7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/f034772ceab9/srep16653-f1.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/865d6e43c8fa/srep16653-f4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/6b030fa8225a/srep16653-f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/6deabe75bb76/srep16653-f6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/8c6e242555e2/srep16653-f7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/f034772ceab9/srep16653-f1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/c75be266514e/srep16653-f2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/cc0fbe77ffc6/srep16653-f3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/865d6e43c8fa/srep16653-f4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/6b030fa8225a/srep16653-f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/6deabe75bb76/srep16653-f6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3735/4645176/8c6e242555e2/srep16653-f7.jpg

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