Bradding P, Arthur G
Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Institute for Lung Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2016 Feb;46(2):194-263. doi: 10.1111/cea.12675.
Mast cells (MCs) play a central role in tissue homoeostasis, sensing the local environment through numerous innate cell surface receptors. This enables them to respond rapidly to perceived tissue insults with a view to initiating a co-ordinated programme of inflammation and repair. However, when the tissue insult is chronic, the ongoing release of multiple pro-inflammatory mediators, proteases, cytokines and chemokines leads to tissue damage and remodelling. In asthma, there is strong evidence of ongoing MC activation, and their mediators and cell-cell signals are capable of regulating many facets of asthma pathophysiology. This article reviews the evidence behind this.
肥大细胞（MCs）在组织稳态中发挥核心作用，通过众多先天性细胞表面受体感知局部环境。这使它们能够对察觉到的组织损伤迅速做出反应，以启动协调的炎症和修复程序。然而，当组织损伤是慢性的时，多种促炎介质、蛋白酶、细胞因子和趋化因子的持续释放会导致组织损伤和重塑。在哮喘中，有充分证据表明存在持续的MC激活，并且它们的介质和细胞间信号能够调节哮喘病理生理学的许多方面。本文综述了这背后的证据。
