Pagani Linda S, Fitzpatrick Caroline
Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada Université Ste-Anne, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Health Educ Behav. 2016 Oct;43(5):584-91. doi: 10.1177/1090198115614317. Epub 2015 Nov 13.
Secondhand tobacco smoke is considered a developmental neurotoxicant especially given underdeveloped vital systems in young children. An ecological test of its negative influence on brain development can be made by examining the prospective association between early childhood household smoke exposure and later classroom behavior. Using a longitudinal birth cohort, we examined the unique contribution of household tobacco smoke exposure to children's subsequent classroom engagement at age 10. From child ages 1.5 to 7 years, parents of 2,055 participants from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development reported on household smoking by themselves and other home occupants. At age 10, fourth-grade teachers reported on the child's classroom engagement. In terms of prevalence, 58% of parents reported that their children were never exposed to smoke in the home, while 34% and 8% of children were exposed to transient and continuous household smoke, respectively. Compared with never exposed children, those who were exposed to transient and continuous household smoke scored 13% and 9% of a standard deviation lower on classroom engagement in fourth grade, standardized B = -.128 (95% confidence interval = -.186, -.069) and standardized B = -.093 (95% confidence interval = -.144, -.043), respectively. Compared with their never exposed peers, children exposed to transient and continuous early childhood household smoke showed proportionately less classroom engagement, which reflects task-orientation, following directions, and working well autonomously and with others. This predisposition poses risks for high school dropout, which from a population health perspective is closely linked with at-risk lifestyle habits and unhealthy outcomes.
二手烟草烟雾被认为是一种发育神经毒素，尤其是考虑到幼儿重要系统发育不完善的情况。通过研究幼儿期家庭烟雾暴露与后期课堂行为之间的前瞻性关联，可以对其对大脑发育的负面影响进行生态学检验。我们利用一个纵向出生队列，研究了家庭烟草烟雾暴露对儿童10岁时后续课堂参与度的独特影响。在儿童1.5至7岁期间，来自魁北克儿童发展纵向研究的2055名参与者的父母报告了他们自己及其他家庭成员在家中的吸烟情况。在儿童10岁时，四年级教师报告了孩子的课堂参与度。就患病率而言，58%的父母报告他们的孩子在家中从未接触过烟雾，而分别有34%和8%的儿童接触过短暂和持续的家庭烟雾。与从未接触过烟雾的儿童相比，接触过短暂和持续家庭烟雾的儿童在四年级课堂参与度得分分别比标准差低13%和9%，标准化B = -0.128（95%置信区间 = -0.186，-0.069）和标准化B = -0.093（95%置信区间 = -0.144，-0.043）。与从未接触过烟雾的同龄人相比，接触过幼儿期短暂和持续家庭烟雾的儿童课堂参与度相应较低，这反映在任务导向、听从指示以及自主和与他人良好合作方面。这种倾向会导致高中辍学风险增加，从人群健康角度来看，这与高危生活方式习惯和不良健康结果密切相关。
