Guo Jianhua, Peng Yongzhen, Fan Lu, Zhang Liang, Ni Bing-Jie, Kartal Boran, Feng Xin, Jetten Mike S M, Yuan Zhiguo
Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Environ Microbiol. 2016 Sep;18(9):2979-93. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.13132. Epub 2016 Jan 18.
There is great potential to understand the functional diversity of microorganisms that are involved in waste water treatment through metagenomic analyses. This study presents the first metagenomic comparison of taxonomic and functional profiles of the microbial communities occurring in different aggregates from anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bioreactors. The anammox bacterial communities in both biofilm and granule sludge samples showed relatively high abundance and diversity compared with floccular sludge. Four of the five known genera of anammox bacteria were detected in the three cultures except Candidatus Jettenia, which was absent in the granules. Candidatus Kuenenia comprised the major population of anammox bacteria in these three sludges, independent of their growth morphologies. The genome assembled for the Candidatus Kuenenia in the granule was very similar to the published reference genome of Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis. Genes involved in the metabolism of the anammox process were highly detected in the biofilm and granule sludges. In particular, the abundance of hydrazine synthase gene (hzs) in the biofilm was around 486 times more pronounced than that in the granules. The knowledge gained in this study highlights an important role of sludge aggregate in affecting community structure and metabolic potential of anammox systems.
通过宏基因组分析来了解参与废水处理的微生物功能多样性具有巨大潜力。本研究首次对厌氧氨氧化（anammox）生物反应器中不同聚集体内微生物群落的分类学和功能谱进行了宏基因组比较。与絮状污泥相比，生物膜和颗粒污泥样品中的厌氧氨氧化细菌群落显示出相对较高的丰度和多样性。在三种培养物中检测到了已知的五种厌氧氨氧化细菌属中的四种，除了在颗粒中不存在的“Candidatus Jettenia”。“Candidatus Kuenenia”是这三种污泥中厌氧氨氧化细菌的主要种群，与它们的生长形态无关。在颗粒中组装的“Candidatus Kuenenia”基因组与已发表的“Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis”参考基因组非常相似。在生物膜和颗粒污泥中高度检测到参与厌氧氨氧化过程代谢的基因。特别是，生物膜中肼合酶基因（hzs）的丰度比颗粒中的高出约486倍。本研究中获得的知识突出了污泥聚集体在影响厌氧氨氧化系统群落结构和代谢潜力方面的重要作用。
