College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
PLoS One. 2019 Apr 22;14(4):e0215615. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215615. eCollection 2019.
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation is considered to be the most economical and low-energy biological nitrogen removal process. So far, anammox bacteria have not yet been purified from cultures. Some nitrogen-removing microorganisms cooperate to perform the anammox process. The objective of this research was to analyze the abundance and diversity of nitrogen-removing microorganisms in an anammox reactor started up with bulking sludge at room temperature. In this study, the ammonia-oxidizing archaea phylum Crenarchaeota was enriched from 9.2 to 53.0%. Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, and Nitrosospira, which are ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, increased from 3.2, 1.7, and 0.1% to 12.8, 20.4, and 3.3%, respectively. Ca. Brocadia, Ca. Kuenenia, and Ca. Scalindua, which are anammox bacteria, were detected in the seeding sludge, accounting for 77.1, 11.5, and 10.6%. After cultivation, the dominant genus changed to Ca. Kuenenia, accounting for 82.0%. Nitrospirae, nitrite oxidation bacteria, decreased from 2.2 to 0.1%, while denitrifying genera decreased from 12.9 to 2.1%. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of nitrogen-removing microorganisms in an anammox reactor, thereby facilitating the improvement of such reactors. However, the physiological and metabolic functions of the ammonia-oxidizing archaea community in the anammox reactor need to be investigated in further studies.
厌氧氨氧化被认为是最经济和低能耗的生物脱氮过程。到目前为止，还没有从培养物中纯化出厌氧氨氧化菌。一些脱氮微生物协同作用来完成厌氧氨氧化过程。本研究旨在分析在室温下用膨胀污泥启动的厌氧氨氧化反应器中脱氮微生物的丰度和多样性。在本研究中，氨氧化古菌门 Crenarchaeota 从 9.2%富集到 53.0%。氨氧化细菌硝化杆菌、硝化球菌和硝化螺旋菌分别从 3.2%、1.7%和 0.1%增加到 12.8%、20.4%和 3.3%。接种污泥中检测到厌氧氨氧化菌 Ca. Brocadia、Ca. Kuenenia 和 Ca. Scalindua，分别占 77.1%、11.5%和 10.6%。培养后，优势属变为 Ca. Kuenenia，占 82.0%。亚硝化菌，亚硝酸盐氧化菌，从 2.2%下降到 0.1%，而反硝化菌从 12.9%下降到 2.1%。本研究结果有助于了解厌氧氨氧化反应器中的脱氮微生物，从而促进此类反应器的改进。然而，还需要进一步研究厌氧氨氧化反应器中氨氧化古菌群落的生理和代谢功能。
