Schnoor Michael, Alcaide Pilar, Voisin Mathieu-Benoit, van Buul Jaap D
Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav), 07360 Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Mediators Inflamm. 2015;2015:946509. doi: 10.1155/2015/946509. Epub 2015 Oct 19.
Leukocyte extravasation is one of the essential and first steps during the initiation of inflammation. Therefore, a better understanding of the key molecules that regulate this process may help to develop novel therapeutics for treatment of inflammation-based diseases such as atherosclerosis or rheumatoid arthritis. The endothelial adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are known as the central mediators of leukocyte adhesion to and transmigration across the endothelium. Engagement of these molecules by their leukocyte integrin receptors initiates the activation of several signaling pathways within both leukocytes and endothelium. Several of such events have been described to occur during transendothelial migration of all leukocyte subsets, whereas other mechanisms are known only for a single leukocyte subset. Here, we summarize current knowledge on regulatory mechanisms of leukocyte extravasation from a leukocyte and endothelial point of view, respectively. Specifically, we will focus on highlighting common and unique mechanisms that specific leukocyte subsets exploit to succeed in crossing endothelial monolayers.
白细胞渗出是炎症起始过程中重要的第一步。因此，更好地理解调控这一过程的关键分子，可能有助于开发针对基于炎症的疾病（如动脉粥样硬化或类风湿性关节炎）的新型治疗方法。内皮细胞黏附分子ICAM - 1和VCAM - 1是白细胞黏附于内皮细胞并跨内皮迁移的核心介质。这些分子与其白细胞整合素受体结合，启动白细胞和内皮细胞内多种信号通路的激活。在所有白细胞亚群的跨内皮迁移过程中，已描述了其中一些事件的发生，而其他机制仅在单个白细胞亚群中为人所知。在这里，我们分别从白细胞和内皮细胞的角度总结了当前关于白细胞渗出调控机制的知识。具体而言，我们将重点强调特定白细胞亚群用于成功穿过内皮单层的共同和独特机制。
