Trilok Kumar Geeta, Chugh Reema, Eggersdorfer Manfred
1 Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, India.
2 DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2015;85(3-4):185-201. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000228. Epub 2015 Nov 17.
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with rickets in children, with osteoporosis in the elderly, is thought to increase the risk of certain cancers and of cardiovascular diseases, and may have an impact on many other health conditions. Asians are reported to have a poor vitamin D status despite adequate sunshine in their regions. Data on the extent of vitamin D deficiency at the population level from most Asian countries, including India, are limited. Part of the reason for paucity regarding vitamin D status is the absence of clear recommendations on optimal vitamin D intakes and status, as well as clear consensus on the cut-offs for deficiency. With a large country covering several latitudes, ethnicities, cultures, traditions, and attitudes, the current data on vitamin D status in India is inadequate and classified in different ways, making interpretation difficult, and is unrepresentative as it comes only from four states, with about half the data from Delhi. Poor vitamin D status is almost universally reported across all age groups with as many as 95.7 % neonates, 75 % adults and 67 % pregnant women having serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D levels < 50 nmol/L (deficient). Children and adults exposed to sunlight, living in rural or less polluted areas have been reported to have a better vitamin D status, especially in summer months. Lack of conclusive information emphasizes the need for state-specific data on the vitamin D status and the extent of sun exposure to issue recommendations for vitamin D intake in the country.
维生素D缺乏与儿童佝偻病、老年人骨质疏松症相关，被认为会增加某些癌症和心血管疾病的风险，并且可能对许多其他健康状况产生影响。据报道，尽管亚洲部分地区日照充足，但亚洲人的维生素D水平较低。包括印度在内的大多数亚洲国家，关于人群层面维生素D缺乏程度的数据有限。维生素D状况相关数据匮乏的部分原因在于，缺乏关于最佳维生素D摄入量和状况的明确建议，以及关于维生素D缺乏临界值的明确共识。印度是一个幅员辽阔、涵盖多个纬度、种族、文化、传统和观念的国家，目前有关印度维生素D状况的数据不足且分类方式各异，难以解读，而且这些数据仅来自四个邦，其中约一半数据来自德里，缺乏代表性。几乎所有年龄组都普遍存在维生素D水平较低的情况，多达95.7%的新生儿、75%的成年人和67%的孕妇血清25羟维生素D水平<50 nmol/L（缺乏）。据报道，生活在农村或污染较轻地区、接受阳光照射的儿童和成年人维生素D状况较好，尤其是在夏季。缺乏确凿信息凸显了获取各邦特定的维生素D状况数据以及日照程度数据的必要性，以便为该国的维生素D摄入量发布建议。
