阿尔茨海默病的遗传学：一篇叙述性综述文章。
Genetic of Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review Article.
作者信息
Khanahmadi Mohammad, Farhud Dariush D, Malmir Maryam
机构信息
Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Allame Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Dept. of Basic Sciences, Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Iran J Public Health. 2015 Jul;44(7):892-901.
BACKGROUND
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common problems for old peoples. Etiology of AD is not clear, but genetic factors play a major role in determining a person's risk to develop AD. Twin and family studies confirm that AD has a genetic basis. AD genetics has been split into two broad categories: early-onset and late-onset. EOAD cases are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. In this form, dominant mutations in genes like APP, PSEN-1 and PSEN-2 associated with AD. This study aimed to consider the role of genetic in AD.
METHOD
At the first, most of the references in relation with genetic basis of AD searched from the following web-sites: PubMed, Science direct, Wiley & Sons (1995-2014). Then, the most common genes and their affects described briefly.
RESULTS
Aging is the most obvious risk factor for developing AD. There is a genetic basis for AD, of course this relation is not complete but it is significant.
CONCLUSION
More than thousand genes studied in relation with Alzheimer's disease. Against the improvements in understanding different aspects of AD, the accurate genetic foundation of AD remain unclear.
背景
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是老年人最常见的问题之一。AD的病因尚不清楚，但遗传因素在决定一个人患AD的风险中起主要作用。双胞胎和家族研究证实AD有遗传基础。AD遗传学已分为两大类：早发型和晚发型。早发型AD病例以常染色体显性模式遗传。在这种形式中，与AD相关的基因如APP、PSEN - 1和PSEN - 2存在显性突变。本研究旨在探讨遗传因素在AD中的作用。
方法
首先，从以下网站（PubMed、Science direct、Wiley & Sons，1995 - 2014年）搜索与AD遗传基础相关的大部分参考文献。然后，简要描述了最常见的基因及其影响。
结果
衰老显然是患AD最主要的风险因素。AD存在遗传基础，当然这种关联并不完全，但很显著。
结论
已经对与阿尔茨海默病相关的一千多个基因进行了研究。尽管在理解AD不同方面有了进展，但AD确切的遗传基础仍不清楚。
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