Sohar Birgit, Großschädl Franziska, Meier Isabella Maria, Stronegger Willibald Julius
1 Institut für Sozialmedizin und Epidemiologie, Medizinische Universität Graz.
2 Institut für Pflegewissenschaft, Medizinische Universität Graz.
Pflege. 2015 Dec;28(6):339-45. doi: 10.1024/1012-5302/a000459.
Attitudes towards active euthanasia by request of competent patients who are seriously or incurable ill people are common in public debates. There is still a lack of knowledge on how people with care experience differ in their attitudes towards active euthanasia from those without.
The aim of this study is to find out if and how care experience has an effect on the attitude toward voluntary active euthanasia.
In spring 2014 a cross-sectional survey was conducted among the Austrian population by a self-developed questionnaire (on basis of a qualitative pilot study). An online-survey was distributed among persons aged 16 to 65 years and a postal survey among those aged 65 years and older (n=725). Descriptive data was analysed with IBM SPSS Version 2.0. Ethical approval has been provided by the Medical University Graz.
48% of the respondents have experience with care, 8.6% as physicians or nurses, 43.7% as family caregiver and 50% as not caring relatives. Multiple answers were possible. People with caring experience–as nurses or family caregiver–show a significantly lower approval of voluntary active euthanasia (p=0.04).
Care experiences have an impact on the attitude towards voluntary active euthanasia. Thus, experiences of caring should be better included in end-of-life debates.
在公开辩论中，对于身患重病或绝症的有行为能力患者所提出的主动安乐死请求的态度很常见。目前仍缺乏关于有护理经验的人与没有护理经验的人在对主动安乐死的态度上有何不同的了解。
本研究的目的是查明护理经验是否以及如何影响对自愿主动安乐死的态度。
2014年春季，通过一份自行编制的问卷（基于一项定性试点研究）对奥地利人群进行了横断面调查。向16至65岁的人群发放了在线调查问卷，向65岁及以上的人群发放了邮寄调查问卷（n = 725）。使用IBM SPSS 2.0版对描述性数据进行了分析。格拉茨医科大学已提供伦理批准。
48%的受访者有护理经验，8.6%为医生或护士，43.7%为家庭护理人员，50%为非护理亲属。可以有多个答案。有护理经验的人——作为护士或家庭护理人员——对自愿主动安乐死的赞成率显著较低（p = 0.０4）。
护理经验会影响对自愿主动安乐死的态度。因此，在临终辩论中应更好地纳入护理经验。
