伊朗家庭在食品和医疗自费支出方面的支付情况：不平等的证据。
Iranian Households' Payments on Food and Health Out-of-Pocket Expenditures: Evidence of Inequality.
作者信息
Ghiasvand Hesam, Naghdi Seyran, Abolhassani Nazanin, Shaarbafchizadeh Nasrin, Moghri Javad
机构信息
Dept. of Health Economics, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Research Center for Health Services Management, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
出版信息
Iran J Public Health. 2015 Aug;44(8):1103-13.
BACKGROUND
Inequality in households' payments on food and health expenditures presents the accessibility and utilization patterns between them. This study investigated the Iranian rural and urban households' inequality in payments on food and Out-of-Pocket health expenditures from 1998 to 2012.
METHODS
This descriptive study was conducted through the analysis of Iranian Statistics Centre data on Iranian households' income and expenditures. The Gini Coefficients, Concentration and Kakwani indices have been calculated for Iranian rural and urban households' Out-of-Pocket health and food expenditures.
RESULTS
The means of Iranian rural and urban total consumption expenditures inequality were 0.48 and 0.48, respectively. The means of concentration index of food expenditures for rural and urban regions were 0.35 and 0.34, respectively. The means of Out-of-Pocket payments for health services for rural and urban regions were 0.51 and 0.5, respectively. Finally the means of Kakwani index of Out-of-Pocket health payments in rural and urban households were -0.005 and -0.018, respectively.
CONCLUSION
There are relative high levels of inequality in Iranian households' payments on food and Out-of-Pocket health expenditures.
背景
家庭在食品和医疗支出方面的支付不平等反映了两者之间的可及性和使用模式。本研究调查了1998年至2012年伊朗农村和城市家庭在食品支付和自付医疗支出方面的不平等情况。
方法
本描述性研究通过分析伊朗统计中心关于伊朗家庭收入和支出的数据进行。计算了伊朗农村和城市家庭自付医疗和食品支出的基尼系数、集中指数和卡克瓦尼指数。
结果
伊朗农村和城市总消费支出不平等的均值分别为0.48和0.48。农村和城市地区食品支出集中指数的均值分别为0.35和0.34。农村和城市地区医疗服务自付费用的均值分别为0.51和0.5。最后，农村和城市家庭自付医疗费用的卡克瓦尼指数均值分别为-0.005和-0.018。
结论
伊朗家庭在食品支付和自付医疗支出方面存在相对较高的不平等水平。
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