Fotakis Charalambos, Zervou Maria
Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Vas. Constantinou 48, Athens 11635, Greece; Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece.
Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Vas. Constantinou 48, Athens 11635, Greece.
Food Chem. 2016 Apr 1;196:760-8. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.002. Epub 2015 Oct 9.
NMR metabolomics was used to investigate 57 Greek spirits of four indigenous and four international varieties from Macedonia (tsipouro) and Crete (tsikoudia) to establish their authenticity. The metabolic profile of Romeiko, Malvasia, Xinomavro, Sangiovese and Nebbiolo varieties was assessed for the first time. The WET1D sequence was used to improve sensitivity and unveil minor metabolites. PCA was applied to delineate the provenance of samples and associate metabolites with distinct varietal characteristics, such as the acidity of Sangiovese, the overripe grapes harvesting of Romeiko, the intense body of Cabernet Sauvignon, the light body of Xinomavro and the glutamic acid for Malvasia. The migration of Cabernet Sauvignon from north Greece to Crete was framed. Monitoring multi-varietal spirits introduced 2-vinylethanol as a marker for yeast selection. OPLS-DA was applied to samples from the same vineyard, thus highlighting genotypic markers. Consequently, the findings address the concepts of typicity and traceability in grape marc spirits.
采用核磁共振代谢组学方法对来自马其顿（齐普罗酒）和克里特岛（齐库迪亚酒）的57种希腊烈酒进行研究，这些烈酒包括四种本土品种和四种国际品种，以确定其真伪。首次评估了罗梅伊科、马尔瓦西亚、希诺马夫罗、桑娇维塞和内比奥罗品种的代谢谱。使用WET1D序列提高灵敏度并揭示微量代谢物。主成分分析（PCA）用于描绘样品的来源，并将代谢物与不同的品种特征相关联，例如桑娇维塞的酸度、罗梅伊科过熟葡萄的采摘、赤霞珠的浓郁酒体、希诺马夫罗的轻盈酒体以及马尔瓦西亚的谷氨酸。勾勒出了赤霞珠从希腊北部向克里特岛的迁移情况。对多品种烈酒的监测引入了2-乙烯基乙醇作为酵母选择的标志物。将正交偏最小二乘法判别分析（OPLS-DA）应用于来自同一葡萄园的样品，从而突出了基因型标志物。因此，这些研究结果涉及葡萄渣烈酒的典型性和可追溯性概念。
