Simon G G
Management Sciences for Health, Arlington VA, USA.
Int J Infect Dis. 2016 Jan;42:54-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2015.11.006. Epub 2015 Nov 25.
The neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are the most common infections of humans in Sub-Saharan Africa. Virtually all of the population living below the World Bank poverty figure is affected by one or more NTDs. New evidence indicates a high degree of geographic overlap between the highest-prevalence NTDs (soil-transmitted helminths, schistosomiasis, onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, and trachoma) and malaria and HIV, exhibiting a high degree of co-infection. Recent research suggests that NTDs can affect HIV and AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and malaria disease progression. A combination of immunological, epidemiological, and clinical factors can contribute to these interactions and add to a worsening prognosis for people affected by HIV/AIDS, TB, and malaria. Together these results point to the impacts of the highest-prevalence NTDs on the health outcomes of malaria, HIV/AIDS, and TB and present new opportunities to design innovative public health interventions and strategies for these 'big three' diseases. This analysis describes the current findings of research and what research is still needed to strengthen the knowledge base of the impacts NTDs have on the big three.
被忽视的热带病是撒哈拉以南非洲地区最常见的人类感染疾病。几乎所有生活在世界银行贫困线以下的人口都受到一种或多种被忽视的热带病影响。新证据表明，高流行率的被忽视的热带病（土壤传播的蠕虫病、血吸虫病、盘尾丝虫病、淋巴丝虫病和沙眼）与疟疾和艾滋病毒在地理上高度重叠，呈现出高度的共感染情况。最近的研究表明，被忽视的热带病会影响艾滋病毒和艾滋病、结核病以及疟疾的疾病进展。免疫、流行病学和临床等多种因素共同作用，可能导致这些相互影响，并使受艾滋病毒/艾滋病、结核病和疟疾影响的人群预后恶化。这些结果共同表明，高流行率的被忽视的热带病对疟疾、艾滋病毒/艾滋病和结核病的健康结局产生影响，并为针对这“三大疾病”设计创新的公共卫生干预措施和策略带来了新机遇。本分析描述了当前的研究发现以及为加强关于被忽视的热带病对这三大疾病影响的知识基础仍需开展的研究。
