Beileke Stephanie, Claassen Horst, Wagner Walter, Matthies Cord, Ruf Christian, Hartmann Arndt, Garreis Fabian, Paulsen Friedrich, Schicht Martin, Bräuer Lars
Institute of Anatomy II, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
PLoS One. 2015 Nov 24;10(11):e0143058. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143058. eCollection 2015.
Surfactant proteins (SPs) have been described in various tissues and fluids including tissues of the nasolacrimal apparatus, airways and digestive tract. Human testis have a glandular function as a part of the reproductive and the endocrine system, but no data are available on SPs in human testis and prostate under healthy and pathologic conditions.
The aim of the study was the detection and characterization of the surfactant proteins A, B, C and D (SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, SP-D) in human testis. Additionally tissue samples affected by testicular cancer were investigated.
Surfactant proteins A, B, C and D were detected using RT-PCR in healthy testis. By means of Western blot analysis, these SPs were detected at the protein level in normal testis, seminoma and seminal fluid, but not in spermatozoa. Expression of SPs was weaker in seminoma compared to normal testicular tissue. SPs were localized in combination with vimentin immunohistochemically in cells of Sertoli and Leydig.
Surfactant proteins seem to be inherent part of the human testis. By means of physicochemical properties the proteins appear to play a role during immunological and rheological process of the testicular tissue. The presence of SP-B and SP-C in cells of Sertoli correlates with their function of fluid secretion and may support transportation of spermatozoa. In seminoma the expression of all SP's was generally weaker compared to normal germ cells. This could lead to a reduction of immunomodulatory and rheology processes in the germ cell tumor.
表面活性蛋白（SPs）已在包括鼻泪管、气道和消化道组织在内的各种组织和体液中被描述。人类睾丸作为生殖和内分泌系统的一部分具有腺功能，但在健康和病理条件下，关于人类睾丸和前列腺中SPs的数据尚无可用信息。
本研究的目的是检测和鉴定人类睾丸中的表面活性蛋白A、B、C和D（SP-A、SP-B、SP-C、SP-D）。此外，还对受睾丸癌影响的组织样本进行了研究。
通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）在健康睾丸中检测到表面活性蛋白A、B、C和D。通过蛋白质印迹分析，在正常睾丸、精原细胞瘤和精液中检测到这些SPs的蛋白水平，但在精子中未检测到。与正常睾丸组织相比，精原细胞瘤中SPs的表达较弱。免疫组织化学显示，SPs与波形蛋白共同定位于支持细胞和间质细胞中。
表面活性蛋白似乎是人类睾丸的固有组成部分。根据其物理化学性质，这些蛋白似乎在睾丸组织的免疫和流变学过程中发挥作用。支持细胞中存在SP-B和SP-C与其分泌液体的功能相关，并可能有助于精子的运输。与正常生殖细胞相比，精原细胞瘤中所有SPs的表达通常较弱。这可能导致生殖细胞肿瘤中免疫调节和流变学过程的减少。
