Xu Hui, Xu Yuci, Pang Xinchang, He Yanjie, Jung Jaehan, Xia Haiping, Lin Zhiqun
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA. ; State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Specialty Polymers, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
Sci Adv. 2015 Mar 27;1(2):e1500025. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1500025. eCollection 2015 Mar.
Assembling nanoparticles into one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures with precisely controlled size and shape renders the exploration of new properties and construction of 1D miniaturized devices possible. The physical properties of such nanostructures depend heavily on the size, chemical composition, and surface chemistry of nanoparticle constituents, as well as the close proximity of adjacent nanoparticles within the 1D nanostructure. Chemical synthesis provides an intriguing alternative means of creating 1D nanostructures composed of self-assembled nanoparticles in terms of material diversity, size controllability, shape regularity, and low-cost production. However, this is an area where progress has been slower. We report an unconventional yet general strategy to craft an exciting variety of 1D nanonecklace-like nanostructures comprising uniform functional nanodiscs periodically assembled along a stretched flexible polymer chain by capitalizing on judiciously designed amphiphilic worm-like diblock copolymers as nanoreactors. These nanostructures can be regarded as organic-inorganic shish-kebabs, in which nanodisc kebabs are periodically situated on a stretched polymer shish. Simulations based on self-consistent field theory reveal that the formation of organic-inorganic shish-kebabs is guided by the self-assembled elongated star-like diblock copolymer constituents constrained on the highly stretched polymer chain.
将纳米颗粒组装成具有精确控制尺寸和形状的一维（1D）纳米结构，使得探索新特性和构建一维微型器件成为可能。此类纳米结构的物理性质在很大程度上取决于纳米颗粒组分的尺寸、化学成分和表面化学性质，以及一维纳米结构中相邻纳米颗粒的紧密程度。化学合成在材料多样性、尺寸可控性、形状规则性和低成本生产方面提供了一种有趣的替代方法来制备由自组装纳米颗粒组成的一维纳米结构。然而，这是一个进展较为缓慢的领域。我们报告了一种非常规但通用的策略，利用经过精心设计的两亲性蠕虫状二嵌段共聚物作为纳米反应器，制造出令人兴奋的各种一维纳米项链状纳米结构，这些结构由均匀的功能性纳米圆盘沿着拉伸的柔性聚合物链周期性组装而成。这些纳米结构可被视为有机 - 无机烤肉串，其中纳米圆盘烤肉串周期性地位于拉伸的聚合物肉串上。基于自洽场理论的模拟表明，有机 - 无机烤肉串的形成是由在高度拉伸的聚合物链上受约束的自组装伸长的星状二嵌段共聚物组分所引导的。
