Callahan Margaret K, Flaherty Catherine R, Postow Michael A
Melanoma and Immunotherapeutics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
Cancer Treat Res. 2016;167:231-50. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-22539-5_9.
Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibition has been improving the outcomes of patients with many different types of malignancies. Immune checkpoint inhibition has been most extensively studied in patients with advanced melanoma and there are three FDA approved antibodies already widely used in clinical practice (ipilimumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab). In this chapter, we review the mechanistic basis behind the development of immune checkpoint blocking antibodies. We then discuss specifics regarding each agent, unique clinical considerations in treating patients with this approach, and future directions, including combination strategies. This chapter is focused on melanoma, but the principles related to this immunotherapy approach are applicable to patients with many types of malignancies.
免疫检查点抑制免疫疗法一直在改善许多不同类型恶性肿瘤患者的治疗结果。免疫检查点抑制在晚期黑色素瘤患者中得到了最广泛的研究，并且有三种已获美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的抗体已在临床实践中广泛使用（伊匹木单抗、纳武单抗和帕博利珠单抗）。在本章中，我们回顾了免疫检查点阻断抗体开发背后的机制基础。然后，我们讨论每种药物的具体情况、用这种方法治疗患者时独特的临床注意事项以及未来方向，包括联合策略。本章重点关注黑色素瘤，但这种免疫治疗方法相关的原则适用于多种类型恶性肿瘤的患者。
