Jones N P
Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, England.
Sports Med. 1989 Mar;7(3):163-81. doi: 10.2165/00007256-198907030-00003.
Eye injury sustained during sport is increasing in incidence worldwide, reflecting the rise in popularity of sport as recreation. It can account for up to 25% of severe eye injuries. This paper considers the historical context and demography of sports injuries, and the physical mechanisms and results of various types of ocular trauma in relation to sport. It reviews the specific problems associated with the sports considered to be most important in the epidemiology of eye injuries today. Certain sports, such as boxing, have an intrinsic risk of injury so high that some consider the sport should be banned. The risk of injury in many sports can be mitigated by changes in rules, such as the prevention of high sticking in ice hockey. Other sports with high risk of trauma could be made far safer with the widespread introduction of eye protection, and this applies especially to squash and badminton. The various types of eye protection are discussed. There is an urgent need to increase awareness of the risk of eye injury, to teach safe techniques, and to encourage the use of appropriate ocular protective wear in those at high risk of injury, especially the one-eyed.
全球范围内，运动过程中眼部受伤的发生率正在上升，这反映出运动作为一种娱乐方式越来越受欢迎。眼部受伤在严重眼外伤中所占比例高达25%。本文探讨了运动损伤的历史背景和人口统计学特征，以及与运动相关的各类眼外伤的物理机制和后果。本文回顾了在当今眼外伤流行病学中被认为最重要的运动所涉及的具体问题。某些运动，如拳击，其内在受伤风险极高，以至于一些人认为该项运动应被禁止。许多运动项目的受伤风险可通过规则的改变来降低，比如冰球运动中防止高杆击球。广泛使用眼部防护装备可使其他高创伤风险运动变得更加安全，这尤其适用于壁球和羽毛球运动。文中讨论了各类眼部防护装备。迫切需要提高对眼外伤风险的认识，传授安全技巧，并鼓励高受伤风险人群，尤其是单眼人士，使用合适的眼部防护装备。
