1 University of Sydney, Australia.
2 Western Sydney University, Australia.
J Interpers Violence. 2018 Mar;33(6):980-1007. doi: 10.1177/0886260515614279. Epub 2015 Nov 25.
Fear of crime (FoC) has dominated the political landscape over the last 20 years, with many crime policy developments during this period linked not to actual experiences of violence but to the fear of victimization. Fear of crime studies, in most cases, are conducted with populations that have only a passing, mediated knowledge of crime victimization. The research discussed in this article, in contrast, considers the impact of FoC with a highly victimized community, and establishes psychometric testing to validate an instrument to measure the impact of that fear ( Fear of Heterosexism Scale [ FoHS]). If FoC is related to experiences of crime as the existing research suggests, then victims of heterosexist prejudice, discrimination, and/or violence would be more likely to fear such incidents in the future. It was also predicted that participants who concealed their sexual and/or gender identity and had lower levels of social connectedness would experience higher levels of fear. The findings highlight the importance of contextual factors in FoH, and identify the critical roles that disclosure and social connectedness play in ameliorating the damaging effects of heterosexist victimization.
犯罪恐惧（Fear of crime，FoC）在过去 20 年主导了政治格局，在此期间，许多犯罪政策的发展并非与实际的暴力经历有关，而是与对受害的恐惧有关。在大多数情况下，犯罪恐惧研究是针对那些对犯罪受害只有短暂、间接了解的人群进行的。本文讨论的研究则相反，它考虑了 FoC 对一个高度受害社区的影响，并建立了心理计量测试来验证一种衡量这种恐惧影响的工具（异性恐惧量表，Fear of Heterosexism Scale [ FoHS]）。如果 FoC 如现有研究所示与犯罪经历有关，那么异性恐惧症偏见、歧视和/或暴力的受害者在未来更有可能对这类事件感到恐惧。研究人员还预测，那些隐瞒自己的性和/或性别认同、社会联系程度较低的参与者，将会经历更高程度的恐惧。研究结果强调了 FoH 中情境因素的重要性，并确定了披露和社会联系在减轻异性恐惧症受害的破坏性影响方面的关键作用。
