García Bustos María F, González-Prieto Gabriela, Ramos Federico, Mora María C, Hashiguchi Yoshihisa, Parodi Cecilia, Basombrío Miguel A, Moreno Sonia, Monroig Sibila, Beckar Josefina, Jaime Daniela, Sajama Jesús, Yeo Matthew, Marco Jorge D, Locatelli Fabricio M, Barrio Alejandra
Instituto de Patología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Salta, Argentina; Consejo de Investigación, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
Consejo de Investigación, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
Acta Trop. 2016 Feb;154:125-32. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.11.008. Epub 2015 Nov 21.
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by hemoflagellates of the genus Leishmania and is transmitted to humans by the bite of infected phlebotomine sandflies. Depending on the Leishmania species, the disease has different clinical forms including cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral manifestations. Previous studies performed in endemic zones of northwestern-Argentina, during epidemic outbreaks, have been important for detecting patients suffering from the acute phase of the disease, but have not given a complete representation of the clinical and epidemiological features in the region. Furthermore, due to the resurgence of leishmaniasis worldwide and in particular the large increase of international tourism to the region, it seems pertinent to update the current epidemiological and clinical profile of leishmaniasis in northwestern-Argentina. Here we present a retrospective analysis of 95 Leishmania positive cases, presenting between 2000 and 2014. Patients were derived from hospitals and diagnosed in our lab at the University of Salta, located in a non-endemic area in Salta, Argentina. We detected numerous extensive mucocutaneous cases (34/95, 35.8%) distinct from mucosal affected patients, some instances originating in locations with no previously reported human cases. Additionally patients suffering from concomitant diseases, besides leishmaniasis, were assessed. These included Chagas disease, syphilis, deep mycoses, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis and intestinal parasitosis. This study updates the clinical and epidemiological features of leishmaniasis in northwestern-Argentina, and discusses the implications and management strategy for patients who acquire the disease in this region.
利什曼病是一种由利什曼原虫属的血液鞭毛虫引起的寄生虫病，通过受感染的白蛉叮咬传播给人类。根据利什曼原虫的种类，该疾病有不同的临床形式，包括皮肤、黏膜皮肤和内脏表现。此前在阿根廷西北部流行区疫情爆发期间进行的研究，对于检测处于疾病急性期的患者很重要，但并未完整呈现该地区的临床和流行病学特征。此外，由于全球利什曼病的再度流行，特别是该地区国际旅游业的大幅增长，更新阿根廷西北部利什曼病当前的流行病学和临床概况似乎很有必要。在此，我们对2000年至2014年间出现的95例利什曼原虫阳性病例进行了回顾性分析。患者来自医院，由位于阿根廷萨尔塔非流行区的萨尔塔大学实验室诊断。我们检测到许多广泛的黏膜皮肤病例（34/95，35.8%），与黏膜受累患者不同，有些病例来自以前未报告过人类病例的地区。此外，还对除利什曼病外患有其他伴随疾病的患者进行了评估。这些疾病包括恰加斯病、梅毒、深部真菌病、结核病、弓形虫病和肠道寄生虫病。本研究更新了阿根廷西北部利什曼病的临床和流行病学特征，并讨论了该地区患病患者的影响及管理策略。
