Epelman Monica, Merrow Arnold C, Guimaraes Carolina V, Victoria Teresa, Calvo-Garcia Maria A, Kline-Fath Beth M
Department of Medical Imaging/Radiology, Nemours Children׳s Hospital, Orlando, FL.
Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children׳s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2015 Dec;36(6):550-67. doi: 10.1053/j.sult.2015.07.001. Epub 2015 Jul 31.
Although US is the mainstay of fetal imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an invaluable adjunct in recent years. MRI offers superb soft tissue contrast that allows for detailed evaluation of fetal organs, particularly the brain, which enhances understanding of disease severity. MRI can yield results that are similar to or even better than those of US, particularly in cases of marked oligohydramnios, maternal obesity, or adverse fetal positioning. Incidentally detected extrafetal MRI findings are not uncommon and may affect clinical care. Physicians interpreting fetal MRI studies should be aware of findings occurring outside the fetus, including those structures important for the pregnancy. A systematic approach is necessary in the reading of such studies. This helps to ensure that important findings are not missed, appropriate clinical management is implemented, and unnecessary follow-up examinations are avoided. In this pictorial essay, the most common extrafetal abnormalities are described and illustrated.
虽然超声是胎儿成像的主要手段，但近年来磁共振成像（MRI）已成为一种非常有价值的辅助手段。MRI提供了出色的软组织对比度，能够对胎儿器官进行详细评估，尤其是大脑，这有助于加深对疾病严重程度的理解。MRI的检查结果可能与超声相似甚至更好，特别是在羊水过少、孕妇肥胖或胎儿体位不利的情况下。偶然发现的胎儿外MRI表现并不罕见，可能会影响临床治疗。解读胎儿MRI检查结果的医生应了解胎儿以外出现的表现，包括对妊娠重要的那些结构。阅读此类检查结果时需要采用系统的方法。这有助于确保不遗漏重要发现、实施适当的临床管理并避免不必要的后续检查。在这篇图谱文章中，描述并展示了最常见的胎儿外异常情况。
