Spirin Viacheslav, Runnel Kadri, Vlasák Josef, Miettinen Otto, Põldmaa Kadri
Botanical Unit (Mycology), Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Unioninkatu 44, 00170 Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Lai 40, EE-51015 Tartu, Estonia.
Fungal Biol. 2015 Dec;119(12):1291-1310. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.09.008. Epub 2015 Oct 9.
Antrodia is a polyphyletic genus, comprising brown-rot polypores with annual or short-lived perennial resupinate, dimitic basidiocarps. Here we focus on species that are closely related to Antrodia crassa, and investigate their phylogeny and species delimitation using geographic, ecological, morphological and molecular data (ITS and LSU rDNA, tef1). Phylogenetic analyses distinguished four clades within the monophyletic group of eleven conifer-inhabiting species (five described herein): (1)A. crassa s. str. (boreal Eurasia), Antrodia cincta sp. nova (North America) and Antrodia cretacea sp. nova (holarctic), all three being characterized by inamyloid skeletal hyphae that dissolve quickly in KOH solution; (2) Antrodia ignobilis sp. nova, Antrodia sitchensis and Antrodia sordida from North America, and Antrodia piceata sp. nova (previously considered conspecific with A. sitchensis) from Eurasia, possessing amyloid skeletal hyphae; (3) Antrodia ladiana sp. nova from the southern part of the USA, Antrodia pinea from East Asia, and Antrodia ferox - so far known from subtropical North America, but here reported also from Eurasia. These three species have inamyloid hyphae and narrow basidiospores; (4) the North American Antrodia pini-cubensis, sharing similar morphological characters with A. pinea, forming a separate clade. The habitat data indicate that several species are threatened by intensive forestry.
云芝属是一个多系属，包含具有一年生或短命多年生平伏、二系菌丝担子果的褐腐多孔菌。在此，我们聚焦于与厚云芝密切相关的物种，并利用地理、生态、形态和分子数据（ITS和LSU rDNA、tef1）研究它们的系统发育和物种界定。系统发育分析在11种针叶树栖息物种（本文描述了5种）的单系类群中区分出四个分支：（1）狭义的厚云芝（欧亚大陆北部）、新种环带云芝（北美洲）和新种白垩云芝（全北区），这三种的特征是无拟淀粉质骨架菌丝，在氢氧化钾溶液中迅速溶解；（2）新种卑微云芝、北美洲的西特卡云芝和污色云芝，以及欧亚大陆的新种云杉生云芝（以前被认为与西特卡云芝同种），具有拟淀粉质骨架菌丝；（3）来自美国南部的新种拉迪云芝、东亚的松树云芝和凶猛云芝——到目前为止仅在北美洲亚热带地区已知，但本文也报道了在欧亚大陆有分布。这三个物种有无拟淀粉质菌丝和狭窄的担孢子；（4）北美洲的古巴松生云芝，与松树云芝具有相似的形态特征，形成一个单独的分支。栖息地数据表明，有几个物种受到集约林业的威胁。
