Fudge Jessie R, Bennett Brad L, Simanis Juris P, Roberts William O
Activity, Sports and Exercise Medicine Department, Group Health Cooperative, Everett, Washington (Dr Fudge).
Military and Emergency Medicine Department, F. Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland (Dr Bennett).
Wilderness Environ Med. 2015 Dec;26(4 Suppl):S63-8. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2015.09.006.
Risk of injury in cold environments is related to a combination of athlete preparedness, preexisting medical conditions, and the body's physiologic response to environmental factors, including ambient temperature, windchill, and wetness. The goal of this section is to decrease the risk of hypothermia, frostbite, and nonfreezing cold injuries as well as to prevent worsening of preexisting conditions in cold environments using a preparticipation screening history, examination, and counseling. Cold weather exercise can be done safely with education, proper preparation, and appropriate response to changing weather conditions.
寒冷环境中的受伤风险与运动员的准备情况、既往疾病状况以及身体对环境因素（包括环境温度、风冷效应和湿度）的生理反应有关。本节的目的是通过赛前筛查病史、检查和咨询，降低体温过低、冻伤和非冻结性冷损伤的风险，并防止寒冷环境中既往疾病状况恶化。通过教育、适当准备以及对天气变化的适当应对，寒冷天气下的运动可以安全进行。
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