Gogri Urmi, Al Harby Salah, Khandekar Rajiv
Department of Research, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Non-Communicable Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Eye and Ear Health Care, Oman.
Oman J Ophthalmol. 2015 May-Aug;8(2):97-101. doi: 10.4103/0974-620X.159253.
We assessed visual functioning of the children with special needs in Oman between 2009 and 2012. We present the methods of assessing different visual functions, outcomes and interventions carried out to improve their functioning.
In this case series type of study, optometrists assessed visual functions of children of "day care centers" in Oman. Experts further assessed them and provided low vision care. Ocular movements, refractive corrections, near, distance, contrast color, motion, field of vision and cognitive, visual function test results were noted. Feedback to caregivers was given to improving visual functioning of these children.
We grouped 321 participants, (196 (61.1%) boys, age range of 3-18 years) into 61; Down syndrome (DS), 72 with intellectual disabilities, 67; hearing impaired and 121 with other conditions. Refractive error and lag of accommodation was 26 (42.6%) and 14 (22.6%) among children with DS. Contrast sensitivity was impaired in 8 (12.7%) among hearing impaired children. Defective distant and near vision was in 162 (70%) and 104 (42%) of our cohort. Children with intellectual disability were most difficult to assess. Children in group of other disabilities" had a higher proportion of impaired visual functioning. They were given low vision aids (telescopes (22), filters (7) and magnifiers (3)) in large numbers compared to those in other groups.
The outcomes of assessment of visual functioning of children with other disabilities show great variation and difficult to group. The care therefore should be individual. All visual functions cannot be assessed at one time.
我们评估了2009年至2012年间阿曼有特殊需求儿童的视觉功能。我们介绍了评估不同视觉功能的方法、结果以及为改善其功能而采取的干预措施。
在这项病例系列研究中，验光师评估了阿曼“日托中心”儿童的视觉功能。专家们进一步对他们进行评估并提供低视力护理。记录了眼球运动、屈光矫正、近视力、远视力、对比色、运动、视野以及认知、视觉功能测试结果。向护理人员提供反馈以改善这些儿童的视觉功能。
我们将321名参与者（196名（61.1%）男孩，年龄范围为3至18岁）分为61名唐氏综合征（DS）患儿、72名智力残疾患儿、67名听力障碍患儿和121名患有其他病症的患儿。DS患儿中屈光不正和调节滞后分别为26例（42.6%）和14例（22.6%）。听力障碍患儿中有8例（12.7%）对比敏感度受损。我们的队列中，远视力和近视力有缺陷的分别为162例（70%）和104例（42%）。智力残疾儿童最难评估。“其他残疾”组的儿童视觉功能受损比例更高。与其他组相比，他们大量使用了低视力辅助器具（望远镜（22个）、滤光镜（7个）和放大镜（3个））。
其他残疾儿童视觉功能评估结果差异很大，难以分组。因此护理应个体化。所有视觉功能不能一次性评估。
