Dong Lijun, Shi Jianping, Zhang Xiaohong, Zhang Yulong, Li Xinjiang, Yin Hong
The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, 071002 Baoding, P. R. China; Email: unknown.
Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, P. R. China; Email: unknown.
Zootaxa. 2015 Sep 16;4018(3):411-25. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4018.3.5.
Phylogenetic relationships of Acridoidea were examined using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit sequences (COI, COII and COIII, total 2970bp). Fourteen grasshopper species of thirteen genera from seven families were sequenced to obtain mitochondrial genes data, along with twenty-two grasshopper species were obtained from the GenBank nucleotide database. The purpose of this study is to infer the phylogenetic relationships among families within Acridoidea and testing the monophyly of Acridoidea and each families of it. Phylogenic trees were reconstructed using Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Maximum Parsimony (MP) methods with Tettigonioidea and Gryllotalpoidea as outgroups. The putative initiation codon for COI is CCG in thirteen studied species and ATC in Bryodema luctuosum luctuosum. The 2970 bp concatenated sequences included 1431 conserved sites, 1539 variable sites, and 1216 parsimony-informative sites, the nucleotide compositions were significantly biased toward A and T (68.8%). The resulted phylogenetic trees supported the monophyly of Acridoidea, but did not entirely agree with the traditional morphology-based taxonomic system of grasshoppers within Acridoidea. The monophyly of three families of Acrididae, Catantopidae and Arcypteridae were not supported; Gomphoceridae and Arcypteridae were recovered together as a monophyletic group because of closer phylogenetic relationships; Pyrgomorphidae and Chrotogonidae have the same closer relationships; Pneumoridae, Pyrgomorphidae and Chrotogonidae were the most basal groups; while the taxonomic status of Pamphagidae, which was revealed as a monophyletic group, was not clear in this analysis. Moreover, the results indicate that a phylogeny inferred from the combination of several genes is more reliable than that from only a single gene sequence, and the third codon positions of protein coding genes can improve the topology and node supports of the phylogenetic trees.
利用线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基序列（COI、COII和COIII，共2970bp）研究了蝗总科的系统发育关系。对来自7个科13个属的14种草蜢物种进行测序以获得线粒体基因数据，同时从GenBank核苷酸数据库中获取了22种草蜢物种的数据。本研究的目的是推断蝗总科内各家族之间的系统发育关系，并检验蝗总科及其各家族的单系性。以螽斯科和蝼蛄科为外类群，采用最大似然法（ML）和最大简约法（MP）重建系统发育树。在所研究的13个物种中，COI的推定起始密码子为CCG，而在黄胫小车蝗中为ATC。2970bp的串联序列包括1431个保守位点、1539个可变位点和1216个简约信息位点，核苷酸组成明显偏向于A和T（68.8%）。所得的系统发育树支持蝗总科的单系性，但与基于传统形态学的蝗总科内蚱蜢分类系统并不完全一致。不支持蝗科、斑腿蝗科和网翅蝗科三个科的单系性；由于系统发育关系较近，槌角蝗科和网翅蝗科共同聚为一个单系类群；瘤锥蝗科和斑翅蝗科有相同的较近关系；癞蝗科、瘤锥蝗科和斑翅蝗科是最基部的类群；而在本分析中，被揭示为单系类群的癞蝗科的分类地位不明确。此外，结果表明，由多个基因组合推断的系统发育比仅从单个基因序列推断的更可靠，并且蛋白质编码基因的第三密码子位置可以改善系统发育树的拓扑结构和节点支持率。
