Weiss Brandon J, Garvert Donn W, Cloitre Marylène
National Center for PTSD, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2015 Dec;28(6):563-71. doi: 10.1002/jts.22061.
This study examined posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related symptoms among sexual minority (SM) and heterosexual women and the influence of social support on the relationship between SM status and symptoms. We hypothesized that SM women would endorse higher symptoms of PTSD and related difficulties and that social support would moderate the relationship between SM status and symptoms. The sample, women seeking treatment for PTSD related to interpersonal violence (n = 477; mean age = 36.07 years; 22.9% SM) completed clinician-administered measures of PTSD and self-report measures of trauma-related difficulties and social support. The rate of PTSD diagnosis was higher for SM women. Social support and SM status were significantly associated with suicidality, self-perceptions, depression, somatic complaints, and functional impairment. The interaction between social support and SM status was significant for both functional impairment (β = -.26) and somatic complaints (β = -.39). High social support had an equal, positive effect among SM and nonminority women, whereas low social support had a greater negative impact among SM women. Results suggested the particular salience of social support on functioning and symptom severity among SM women and the potential importance of including interventions addressing social support into PTSD treatments for SM women.
本研究调查了性少数群体（SM）女性和异性恋女性中的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）及相关症状，以及社会支持对SM身份与症状之间关系的影响。我们假设SM女性会表现出更高的PTSD症状及相关困难，且社会支持会调节SM身份与症状之间的关系。样本为因人际暴力相关的PTSD寻求治疗的女性（n = 477；平均年龄 = 36.07岁；22.9%为SM），她们完成了由临床医生实施的PTSD测量以及创伤相关困难和社会支持的自我报告测量。SM女性的PTSD诊断率更高。社会支持和SM身份与自杀倾向、自我认知、抑郁、躯体不适及功能损害显著相关。社会支持与SM身份之间的交互作用在功能损害（β = -0.26）和躯体不适（β = -0.39）方面均具有显著性。高社会支持对SM女性和非少数群体女性具有同等的积极影响，而低社会支持对SM女性的负面影响更大。结果表明社会支持对SM女性的功能和症状严重程度具有特殊的显著性，以及将针对社会支持的干预措施纳入SM女性PTSD治疗的潜在重要性。
