Chen Liqing, Zhang Juan, Sun Hongxiang
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Dec 2;15(1):427. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0951-6.
The larvae of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) have been used traditionally for malnutritional stagnation, decubital necrosis, osteomyelitis, ecthyma and lip scald and also to treat coma and gastric cancer in the traditional Chinese medicine. Its immunomodulatory effects in naïve mice in relation to the traditional uses were also reported. However, the immunological adjuvant potentials of this insect have not yet been studied.
The peptide fraction from the larvae of Musca domestica L. (MDPF) was evaluated for its adjuvant potentials on the immune responses to ovalbumin (OVA) and avian influenza vaccine (rL-H5) by determining antigen-specific antibody titers, splenocyte proliferation, activity of natural killer (NK) cell, the secretion of cytokines from splenocytes in the immunized mice.
MDPF significantly enhanced not only the concanavalin A (Con A)-, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and antigen-stimulated splenocyte proliferation, but serum antigen-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibody titers in the mice immunized with OVA and rL-H5. MDPF also remarkably promoted the killing activities of NK cells in splenocytes from the mice immunized with rL-H5. Furthermore, MDPF significantly promoted the production of Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and Th2 (IL-10) cytokines from splenocytes in the immunized mice.
The results indicated that MDPF had a potential to increase both cellular and humoral immune responses and elicit a balanced Th1/Th2 response, and that MDPF may be a safe and efficacious vaccine adjuvant candidate.
家蝇（双翅目：蝇科）幼虫在传统中医中一直被用于治疗营养不良性停滞、褥疮坏死、骨髓炎、脓疱疮和唇烫伤，还用于治疗昏迷和胃癌。也有报道称其对未接触过抗原的小鼠具有免疫调节作用。然而，这种昆虫的免疫佐剂潜力尚未得到研究。
通过测定免疫小鼠的抗原特异性抗体滴度、脾细胞增殖、自然杀伤（NK）细胞活性、脾细胞分泌的细胞因子，评估家蝇幼虫肽组分（MDPF）对卵清蛋白（OVA）和禽流感疫苗（rL-H5）免疫反应的佐剂潜力。
MDPF不仅显著增强了伴刀豆球蛋白A（Con A）、脂多糖（LPS）和抗原刺激的脾细胞增殖，还提高了用OVA和rL-H5免疫的小鼠血清中抗原特异性IgG、IgG1、IgG2a和IgG2b抗体滴度。MDPF还显著促进了用rL-H5免疫的小鼠脾细胞中NK细胞的杀伤活性。此外，MDPF显著促进了免疫小鼠脾细胞中Th1（IL-2和IFN-γ）和Th2（IL-10）细胞因子的产生。
结果表明，MDPF有潜力增强细胞免疫和体液免疫反应，并引发平衡的Th1/Th2反应，且MDPF可能是一种安全有效的疫苗佐剂候选物。
