知觉推理能力对命名指认表现的影响：三项命名测试的考察
The effect of perceptual reasoning abilities on confrontation naming performance: An examination of three naming tests.
作者信息
Soble Jason R, Marceaux Janice C, Galindo Juliette, Sordahl Jeffrey A, Highsmith Jonathan M, O'Rourke Justin J F, González David Andrés, Critchfield Edan A, McCoy Karin J M
机构信息
a Psychology Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System , San Antonio , TX , USA.
b Psychology Department , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , AL , USA.
出版信息
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2016;38(3):284-92. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2015.1107030. Epub 2015 Dec 7.
INTRODUCTION
Confrontation naming tests are a common neuropsychological method of assessing language and a critical diagnostic tool in identifying certain neurodegenerative diseases; however, there is limited literature examining the visual-perceptual demands of these tasks. This study investigated the effect of perceptual reasoning abilities on three confrontation naming tests, the Boston Naming Test (BNT), Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB) Naming Test, and Visual Naming Test (VNT) to elucidate the diverse cognitive functions underlying these tasks to assist with test selection procedures and increase diagnostic accuracy.
METHOD
A mixed clinical sample of 121 veterans were administered the BNT, NAB, VNT, and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-4th Edition (WAIS-IV) Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) and Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI) as part of a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation.
RESULTS
Multiple regression indicated that PRI accounted for 23%, 13%, and 15% of the variance in BNT, VNT, and NAB scores, respectively, but dropped out as a significant predictor once VCI was added. Follow-up bootstrap mediation analyses revealed that PRI had a significant indirect effect on naming performance after controlling education, primary language, and severity of cognitive impairment, as well as the mediating effect of general verbal abilities for the BNT (B = 0.13; 95% confidence interval, CI [.07, .20]), VNT (B = 0.01; 95% CI [.002, .03]), and NAB (B = 0.03; 95% CI [.01, .06]).
CONCLUSIONS
Findings revealed a complex relationship between perceptual reasoning abilities and confrontation naming that is mediated by general verbal abilities. However, when verbal abilities were statistically controlled, perceptual reasoning abilities were found to have a significant indirect effect on performance across all three confrontation naming measures with the largest effect noted with the BNT relative to the VNT and NAB Naming Test.
引言
对物命名测验是评估语言能力的一种常见神经心理学方法，也是识别某些神经退行性疾病的关键诊断工具；然而，研究这些任务的视觉感知要求的文献有限。本研究调查了感知推理能力对三项对物命名测验（波士顿命名测验[BNT]、神经心理评估量表[NAB]命名测验和视觉命名测验[VNT]）的影响，以阐明这些任务背后的多种认知功能，从而辅助测验选择程序并提高诊断准确性。
方法
作为全面神经心理学评估的一部分，对121名退伍军人的混合临床样本进行了BNT、NAB、VNT测验，以及韦氏成人智力量表第四版（WAIS-IV）言语理解指数（VCI）和感知推理指数（PRI）测验。
结果
多元回归分析表明，PRI分别解释了BNT、VNT和NAB分数变异的23%、13%和15%，但在加入VCI后，PRI作为显著预测因子不再显著。后续的自助法中介分析显示，在控制教育程度、母语、认知障碍严重程度以及一般言语能力的中介作用后，PRI对命名表现有显著的间接影响，对BNT的中介效应（B = 0.13；95%置信区间，CI [.07, .20]）、VNT（B = 0.01；95% CI [.002, .03]）和NAB（B = 0.03；95% CI [.01, .06]）。
结论
研究结果揭示了感知推理能力与对物命名之间存在由一般言语能力介导的复杂关系。然而，在对言语能力进行统计控制后，发现感知推理能力对所有三项对物命名测验的表现都有显著的间接影响，相对于VNT和NAB命名测验，BNT的影响最大。
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