Gómez-Tatay Lucía, Hernández-Andreu José Miguel, Aznar Justo
Bioethics. 2016 Jul;30(6):397-406. doi: 10.1111/bioe.12230. Epub 2015 Dec 8.
Although synthetic biology is a promising discipline, it also raises serious ethical questions that must be addressed in order to prevent unwanted consequences and to ensure that its progress leads toward the good of all. Questions arise about the role of this discipline in a possible redefinition of the concept of life and its creation. With regard to the products of synthetic biology, the moral status that they should be given as well as the ethically correct way to behave towards them are not clear. Moreover, risks that could result from a misuse of this technology or from an accidental release of synthetic organisms into the environment cannot be ignored; concerns about biosecurity and biosafety appear. Here we discuss these and other questions from a personalist ontological framework, which defends human life as an essential value and proposes a set of principles to ensure the safeguarding of this and other values that are based on it.
尽管合成生物学是一门很有前景的学科，但它也引发了一些严重的伦理问题，为防止出现不良后果并确保其发展造福所有人，这些问题必须得到解决。关于这门学科在生命概念的可能重新定义及其创造过程中所起的作用，人们提出了疑问。就合成生物学的产物而言，它们应被赋予的道德地位以及对待它们的伦理正确方式并不明确。此外，该技术的滥用或合成生物体意外释放到环境中可能产生的风险不容忽视；对生物安全和生物安保的担忧随之出现。在此，我们从个人主义本体论框架来讨论这些及其他问题，该框架将人类生命视为一项基本价值，并提出了一套原则，以确保维护基于此的这一价值及其他价值。
