Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Sohag 82786, Egypt ; Plant Production and Protection Department, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. 6622, 51452 Buryadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Sohag 82786, Egypt.
J Adv Res. 2015 Nov;6(6):859-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2014.07.004. Epub 2014 Aug 12.
Five faba bean genotypes (Vicia faba L.) were selfed for two cycles to produce S1 and S2 generations. A half-diallel cross was carried out among them in each level of inbreeding (S0, S1 and S2) to obtain 10 F1 hybrids. Parental materials as well as their respective F1s were evaluated during the winter season of 2012. All studied traits except total dry seed yield showed significant inbreeding depression after the first generation of selfing (S1). No further decrease was noticed at the S2 generation. In the S1 generation the degree of inbreeding depression was highest for No. of branches/plant (-14.0%) and the least for weight of 100-seeds (-2.7). Some parents showed inbreeding vigor i.e. positive difference between S2 and S1 for some traits in S2 generation. Most studied traits showed significant positive heterosis values over mid-parent. The highest value of heterosis over the mid-parent was detected for total dry seed yield (128.8) and the lowest value of hybrid vigor was shown by weight of 100-seeds (1.2%). Specific combination among the 5 parental genotypes showed the highest value for heterosis for example cross Misr 2 × Giza 429 was the best cross for total dry seed yield, cross Giza 429 × Misr 1 for No. of branches/plant. Giza 429 is the best general combiner for most traits. Some crosses showed heterosis depression i.e. negative heterosis value in some traits. Hybridization among parental genotypes is recommended to be at the S1 or S2 generation. Twelve arbitrary primers produced different degrees of genetic polymorphism among the parental genotypes. A total of 65 amplification products were scored polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands detected ranged from 33% to 100% with an average of 66.47%. The average of amplified bands was 5.42 polymorphic bands per primer. A positive, but non-significant, correlation (r = 0.085) between Euclidean distance and RAPD distance was observed.
五个蚕豆基因型（Vicia faba L.）自交两代产生 S1 和 S2 代。在每个自交水平（S0、S1 和 S2）中进行半双列杂交，获得 10 个 F1 杂种。在 2012 年冬季，对亲本材料及其各自的 F1 进行了评估。除总干种子产量外，所有研究性状在第一代自交（S1）后均表现出显著的近交衰退。在 S2 代没有发现进一步的下降。在 S1 代，分枝数/株的近交衰退程度最高（-14.0%），百粒重的近交衰退程度最低（-2.7%）。一些亲本表现出近交活力，即在 S2 代中，一些性状的 S2 与 S1 之间存在正差异。大多数研究性状的杂种优势值均显著高于中亲值。中亲值的杂种优势值最高的是总干种子产量（128.8），杂种活力最低的是百粒重（1.2%）。5 个亲本基因型之间的特定组合表现出最高的杂种优势值，例如 Misr 2×Giza 429 是总干种子产量的最佳杂交组合，Giza 429×Misr 1 是分枝数/株的最佳杂交组合。Giza 429 是大多数性状的最佳一般组合。一些杂交组合表现出杂种劣势，即某些性状的负杂种优势值。建议在 S1 或 S2 代进行亲本基因型的杂交。12 个任意引物在亲本基因型之间产生了不同程度的遗传多态性。共记录了 65 个扩增产物的多态性。检测到的多态带百分比范围为 33%至 100%，平均为 66.47%。每个引物的平均扩增带数为 5.42 个多态带。Euclidean 距离和 RAPD 距离之间存在正相关（r=0.085），但不显著。
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