积极错觉？多动症青少年学术自我评估的准确性
Positive Illusions? The Accuracy of Academic Self-Appraisals in Adolescents With ADHD.
作者信息
Chan Todd, Martinussen Rhonda
机构信息
Department of Applied Psychology & Human Development, University of Toronto.
Department of Applied Psychology & Human Development, University of Toronto
出版信息
J Pediatr Psychol. 2016 Aug;41(7):799-809. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsv116. Epub 2015 Dec 8.
OBJECTIVE
Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) overestimate their academic competencies (AC) relative to performance and informant indicators (i.e., positive illusory bias; PIB). Do adolescents with ADHD exhibit this PIB and does it render self-views inaccurate? We examined the magnitude of the AC-PIB in adolescents with and without ADHD, the predictive accuracy of parent and adolescent AC ratings, and whether executive functions (EF) predict the AC-PIB.
METHOD
Adolescents (49 ADHD; 47 typically developing) completed math and EF tests, and self-rated their AC. Parents rated their adolescents' AC and EF.
RESULTS
Adolescents with ADHD performed more poorly on the math task (vs. comparison group) but had a larger AC-PIB relative to parents' ratings. EFs predicted the PIB within the full sample. Adolescents' AC ratings, regardless of ADHD status, were more predictive of math performance than their parents' AC ratings.
CONCLUSION
Adolescents with ADHD appear self-aware in their AC despite a modest PIB; nuanced self-appraisals may depend on EFs.
目的
患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童相对于其学业表现和他人评价指标（即积极虚幻偏差；PIB）高估了自己的学业能力（AC）。患有ADHD的青少年是否也表现出这种PIB，以及这是否会使自我认知不准确？我们研究了患有和未患有ADHD的青少年中AC-PIB的程度、父母和青少年AC评分的预测准确性，以及执行功能（EF）是否能预测AC-PIB。
方法
青少年（49名患有ADHD；47名发育正常）完成了数学和EF测试，并对自己的AC进行了自我评估。父母对他们青少年的AC和EF进行了评分。
结果
患有ADHD的青少年在数学任务上的表现比对照组差，但相对于父母的评分，他们的AC-PIB更大。EF在整个样本中预测了PIB。无论ADHD状态如何，青少年的AC评分比他们父母的AC评分更能预测数学成绩。
结论
患有ADHD的青少年尽管存在适度的PIB，但在AC方面似乎有自我意识；细微的自我评估可能取决于EF。
Zotero 插件