Sun Ranran, Shen Jacson K, Choy Edwin, Yu Zujiang, Hornicek Francis J, Duan Zhenfeng
Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
Discov Med. 2015 Nov;20(111):311-24.
Liposarcoma (LPS) is a common subtype of soft tissue sarcoma and accounts for approximately 20% of adult sarcomas. Despite the progress in diagnosis and treatment of LPS, there is still a high mortality rate due to local recurrence or metastasis. The mechanisms underlying the development of recurrence and metastasis of LPS remain elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are non-coding RNAs that regulate target gene expression, influencing many cellular functions, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, oncogenesis, and drug resistance in malignant cells. The dysregulation of miRs is involved in the initiation and progression of human cancers, including LPS. Functional studies have shown the potent pro- and anti-tumorigenic activity of specific miRs both in vitro and in vivo. miR signatures that are unique to specific types of LPS have been proposed. Several lines of evidence have shown that miRs can act either as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, as well as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for LPS. In addition, miRs may be a powerful therapeutic target in LPS, although obstacles such as delivery of miRs in vivo need to be overcome. In this review, we discuss the emerging roles of miRs in different histological subtypes of LPS.
脂肪肉瘤（LPS）是软组织肉瘤的常见亚型，约占成人肉瘤的20%。尽管在LPS的诊断和治疗方面取得了进展，但由于局部复发或转移，死亡率仍然很高。LPS复发和转移发生的机制仍不清楚。微小RNA（miRNA或miR）是非编码RNA，可调节靶基因表达，影响许多细胞功能，包括细胞增殖、凋亡、分化、肿瘤发生以及恶性细胞中的耐药性。miR的失调参与包括LPS在内的人类癌症的发生和发展。功能研究表明，特定miR在体外和体内均具有强大的促肿瘤和抗肿瘤活性。已经提出了特定类型LPS特有的miR特征。多项证据表明，miR既可以作为癌基因或肿瘤抑制基因，也可以作为LPS的诊断和预后生物标志物。此外，miR可能是LPS中一个强大的治疗靶点，尽管需要克服诸如miR在体内递送等障碍。在本综述中，我们讨论了miR在LPS不同组织学亚型中的新作用。
