Chung Chen-Shuan, Lee Yi-Chia, Wu Ming-Shiang
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2015 Dec;29(6):869-83. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2015.09.010. Epub 2015 Oct 9.
Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are the two major phenotypes in Western and Eastern countries, respectively. Because of different pathways in carcinogenesis, the risk factors and effective steps for prevention of esophageal cancer are different between EAC and ESCC. The carcinogenesis of EAC is initiated by the acid exposure of the esophageal mucosa from stomach while that of the ESCC are related to the chronic irritation of carcinogens mainly by the alcohol, cigarette, betel quid, and hot beverage. To eliminate the burden of esophageal cancer on the global health, the effective strategy should be composed of the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. In this article, we perform a systematic review of the preventive strategies for esophageal cancer with special emphasis on the differences from the perspectives of Western and Eastern countries.
食管癌是全球第八大常见癌症。食管腺癌（EAC）和食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）分别是西方国家和东方国家的两种主要表型。由于致癌途径不同，EAC和ESCC在食管癌的危险因素及预防有效措施方面存在差异。EAC的致癌过程始于胃内酸性物质对食管黏膜的暴露，而ESCC的致癌则主要与酒精、香烟、槟榔和热饮等致癌物的慢性刺激有关。为消除食管癌对全球健康的负担，有效的策略应包括一级、二级和三级预防。在本文中，我们对食管癌的预防策略进行了系统综述，特别强调了东西方国家视角下的差异。
