Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes et Environnement (IPME), Institut de Recherches pour le Développement (IRD) - Cirad - Université de Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier, France; Laboratoire Mixte International Patho-Bios, IRD-INERA (Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles), BP171, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Metapopulation Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, PO Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Trends Plant Sci. 2016 Jan;21(1):80-90. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.10.014. Epub 2015 Dec 2.
Recent methodological advances have uncovered tremendous microbial diversity cohabiting in the same host plant, and many of these microbes cause disease. In this review we highlight how the presence of other pathogen species, or other pathogen genotypes, within a plant can affect key components of host-pathogen interactions: (i) within-plant virulence and pathogen accumulation, through direct and host-mediated mechanisms; (ii) evolutionary trajectories of pathogen populations, through virulence evolution, generation of novel genetic combinations, and maintenance of genetic diversity; and (iii) disease dynamics, with multiple infection likely to render epidemics more devastating. The major future challenges are to couple a community ecology approach with a molecular investigation of the mechanisms operating under coinfection and to evaluate the evolution and effectiveness of resistance within a coinfection framework.
近年来，方法学的进步揭示了在同一宿主植物中共存的大量微生物多样性，其中许多微生物会导致疾病。在这篇综述中，我们强调了同一植物中其他病原体物种或其他病原体基因型的存在如何影响宿主-病原体相互作用的关键组成部分：（i）通过直接和宿主介导的机制，在植物内的毒力和病原体积累；（ii）病原体种群的进化轨迹，通过毒力进化、新的遗传组合的产生和遗传多样性的维持；以及（iii）疾病动态，多重感染可能使流行病更加严重。未来的主要挑战是将群落生态学方法与对共同感染下运行的机制的分子研究相结合，并在共同感染框架内评估抗性的进化和有效性。
