Gilbert Gregory S
Environmental Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064, USA.
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2002;40:13-43. doi: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.40.021202.110417. Epub 2002 Feb 20.
Plant pathogens cause mortality and reduce fecundity of individual plants, drive host population dynamics, and affect the structure and composition of natural plant communities. Pathogens are responsible for both numerical changes in host populations and evolutionary changes through selection for resistant genotypes. Linking such ecological and evolutionary dynamics has been the focus of a growing body of literature on the effects of plant diseases in natural ecosystems. A guiding principle is the importance of understanding the spatial and temporal scales at which plants and pathogens interact. This review summarizes the effects of diseases on populations of wild plants, focusing in particular on the mediation of plant competition and succession, the maintenance of plant species diversity, as well as the process of rapid evolutionary changes in host-pathogen symbioses.
植物病原体可导致单株植物死亡并降低其繁殖力，驱动寄主种群动态变化，并影响天然植物群落的结构与组成。病原体既会导致寄主种群数量变化，也会通过选择抗性基因型引发进化变化。将这种生态与进化动态联系起来，一直是关于植物病害在自然生态系统中影响的大量文献的关注焦点。一个指导原则是理解植物与病原体相互作用的时空尺度的重要性。本综述总结了病害对野生植物种群的影响，尤其关注植物竞争与演替的调节、植物物种多样性的维持，以及寄主-病原体共生关系中的快速进化变化过程。
