Soltis Pamela S, Marchant D Blaine, Van de Peer Yves, Soltis Douglas E
Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2015 Dec;35:119-25. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2015.11.003. Epub 2015 Dec 2.
Plant genomes vary in size and complexity, fueled in part by processes of whole-genome duplication (WGD; polyploidy) and subsequent genome evolution. Despite repeated episodes of WGD throughout the evolutionary history of angiosperms in particular, the genomes are not uniformly large, and even plants with very small genomes carry the signatures of ancient duplication events. The processes governing the evolution of plant genomes following these ancient events are largely unknown. Here, we consider mechanisms of diploidization, evidence of genome reorganization in recently formed polyploid species, and macroevolutionary patterns of WGD in plant genomes and propose that the ongoing genomic changes observed in recent polyploids may illustrate the diploidization processes that result in ancient signatures of WGD over geological timescales.
植物基因组在大小和复杂性上各不相同，部分原因是全基因组复制（WGD；多倍体）过程以及随后的基因组进化。特别是在被子植物的进化历史中，尽管WGD事件反复发生，但基因组大小并不一致，即使是基因组非常小的植物也带有古代复制事件的印记。这些古代事件之后控制植物基因组进化的过程在很大程度上还不清楚。在这里，我们考虑二倍体化机制、近期形成的多倍体物种中基因组重组的证据以及植物基因组中WGD的宏观进化模式，并提出在近期多倍体中观察到的正在进行的基因组变化可能说明了在地质时间尺度上导致WGD古代印记的二倍体化过程。
