1 School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
2 Deakin University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2018 Jan;19(1):20-34. doi: 10.1177/1524838015620820. Epub 2015 Dec 9.
Although the association between childhood maltreatment and the subsequent development of offending behavior is well documented, the association does not necessarily reflect a causal relationship. This paper provides a systematic review of prospective and longitudinal studies using official records of maltreatment to gain insights into the extent to which methodological variations are likely to influence the conclusions drawn about the likely relationship between maltreatment and offending. Sixty-two original studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies were assessed according to a set of seven methodological criteria: (1) inclusion of comparison groups, (2) the use of statistical controls, (3) valid outcome measures, (4) operationalization of maltreatment, (5) proper temporal order of associations, (6) data relating to unsubstantiated maltreatment, and (7) consideration of mediating and moderating factors. The strength of evidence in support of the maltreatment-offending association was influenced by a number of methodological factors. Despite the increasing sophistication of studies, there is a need to be mindful of how these factors are taken into account in future research in order to gain a deeper understanding of the adverse consequences of maltreatment and how this might influence outcomes and inform interventions.
虽然儿童期虐待与随后犯罪行为的发展之间的关联已有充分记录，但这种关联并不一定反映因果关系。本文系统回顾了使用虐待官方记录的前瞻性和纵向研究，以深入了解方法学差异可能在多大程度上影响有关虐待与犯罪之间可能存在关系的结论。符合纳入标准的原始研究有 62 项。根据一套 7 项方法学标准对这些研究进行了评估：(1)纳入对照组；(2)使用统计控制；(3)有效的结果测量；(4)虐待的操作性定义；(5)关联的适当时间顺序；(6)与未经证实的虐待有关的数据；(7)考虑中介和调节因素。支持虐待-犯罪关联的证据强度受到许多方法学因素的影响。尽管研究的复杂性不断提高，但需要注意在未来的研究中如何考虑这些因素，以便更深入地了解虐待的不良后果，以及这可能如何影响结果并为干预提供信息。
